MSK- Contractile Tissue Flashcards
What is a strain or tear?
Muscle or tendon injury involving over contracting or lengthening a muscle causing tearing of collagen
What are the grades of muscle or tendon injury?
- Grade I
- Grade II
- Grade III
What type of muscle contractions are associated with two joint muscles?
Eccentric contractions (deceleration phase)
What percentage of elite runners experience Achilles Tendinopathy?
Lifetime incidence of 7-9%
What are common biomechanical factors contributing to Achilles Tendinopathy?
- Overpronation of foot
- Footwear
- Training surfaces
What are the clinical signs and symptoms of Patella Tendinopathy?
- Anterior knee pain
- Decreased function in activities like stairs, up/down hills, kneeling
What is a key physiotherapy management strategy for Patella Tendinopathy?
Eccentric loading more effective than concentric in some studies
What are risk factors for Patella Tendinopathy?
- Weight
- BMI
- Leg length difference
- Arch height of foot
- Quads flexibility/strength
- Hamstring flexibility
- Vertical jump performance
What is the most common theory regarding the pathogenesis of Patella Tendinopathy?
Chronic overload is the most commonly proposed theory
What are the clinical signs of Gluteal Tendinopathy?
- Lateral hip pain
- Tenderness around greater trochanter
- Pain when walking/standing on one leg/getting up from sitting
What is the prevalence of Gluteal Tendinopathy in mid-life?
Up to 23.5% of women and 8.5% of men between ages 50-79
What are common areas affected by tendinopathy?
- Lower Limb: Glutes, Patella, Achilles, Tibialis Posterior, Hamstrings, Peroneals, Plantar Fasciopathy
- Upper Limb: Rotator Cuff, Long Head of Biceps, Lateral Epicondylalgia, Medial Epicondylalgia, De Quervains
What is a common symptom of Plantar Fasciopathy?
Pain at the proximal insertion of the plantar fascia, particularly with big toe extension, and ankle dorsiflexion
What is the peak incidence age range for Plantar Fasciopathy?
Between ages 45-65
What are the clinical signs of De Quervains?
- Pain on the radial side of the wrist
- Pain on palpation of affected tendons
- Aggravated by resisted thumb extension/abduction or stretching
What is a common demographic for De Quervains?
More common in women, often reported in new mothers, age 40s-50s
What are the clinical signs of Medial Epicondylalgia?
- Pain on the medial aspect of the elbow
- Tender on palpation
- Aggravated by resisted wrist flexion or pronation
What is a common management option for Medial Epicondylalgia?
Education, Load Management, Exercise
What is the most common overuse syndrome in the elbow?
Lateral Epicondylalgia / Tennis Elbow
What are common management options for Lateral Epicondylalgia?
- Education
- Load Management
- Exercise
- Brace/Taping
- NSAIDs, Corticosteroid Injection, Shockwave, Surgery
What are the clinical signs of Rotator Cuff Related Shoulder Pain?
- Pain and impairment of shoulder movement
- Painful to lie on affected side
What factors can lead to tendon pathology?
- Training Load/Error
- Previous Injury
- Muscle Weakness
- Biomechanics
- Tendon Structure
- Increased BMI
- Diabetes
- Medication
- Age
- Gender
- Genetics
What are common muscles for tears?
- Pec Major
- Long Head of Biceps
- Rotator Cuff
- Quads
- Hamstrings
- Achilles Tendon
What is the role of ground substance changes in tendinopathy?
Increased proteoglycans leading to increased water content, making the tendon weaker
