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Anatomy > MSK Anatomy > Flashcards

MSK Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What artery becomes the femoral artery after passing under the inguinal ligament?

A

External iliac artery

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2
Q

What is the joint between the radius and carpal bones called?

A

Radiocarpal joint​​

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3
Q

What are the two main functions of the medial and lateral menisci in the knee?

A

To deepen the tibiofemoral joint and to reduce stress peaks​​

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4
Q

Which nerve runs through the coracobrachialis muscle and can lead to weakness of elbow flexion when compressed?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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5
Q

The ulnar artery passes through which space at the wrist?

A

Ulnar canal/Guyon’s canal

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6
Q

What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa?

A

Lateral border: medial border of the brachioradialis muscle;
Medial border: lateral border of the pronator teres muscle;
Superior border: imaginary line between the epicondyles of the humerus;
Roof: bicipital aponeurosis, fascia, skin;
Floor: brachialis and supinator muscles

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7
Q

Which ligament runs from the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the posteromedial side of the lateral femoral condyle?

A

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)​​

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8
Q

What structures pass through the tarsal tunnel?

A

Tendons of tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve

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9
Q

What is the action of pectoralis major when all heads activate together?

A

Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus

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10
Q

Name the four muscles of the rotator cuff.

A

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis

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11
Q

What structures form the quadrangular space?

A

Superior: Teres minor;
Inferior: Teres major;
Medial: Long head of triceps brachii;
Lateral: Surgical neck of the humerus

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12
Q

What is the clinical significance of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

The scaphoid, which lies at the base, is the most commonly fractured carpal bone

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13
Q

Which nerve passes anterior to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus to enter the cubital fossa?

A

Radial nerve

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14
Q

What vein is typically used for venipuncture in the upper limb?

A

Median cubital vein

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15
Q

What ligament runs from the radial styloid process to the scaphoid and trapezium?

A

Radial collateral ligament​​

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16
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint and why?

A

Hinge joint, due to its primary movement in flexion and extension

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17
Q

What structure lies within the carpal tunnel and is often compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Median nerve

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18
Q

What is the main function of the retinacula in the wrist?

A

To hold the tendons of the flexor and extensor muscles in place​​

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19
Q

Which nerve can be damaged in a fracture to the shaft of the humerus?

A

Radial nerve​​

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20
Q

What is the role of the tibialis posterior muscle in addition to plantar flexion?

A

Inversion of the foot

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21
Q

What structure forms the roof of the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor retinaculum

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22
Q

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

A

Condyloid joint

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23
Q

Where does the tendon of the plantaris muscle join?

A

Calcaneal tendon

24
Q

Which artery can be palpated in the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Radial artery

25
Q

What is the clinical test for collateral circulation in the hand?

A

Modified Allen’s test

26
Q

Which nerve runs through the quadrangular space?

A

Axillary nerve

27
Q

What are the attachments of the gastrocnemius muscle?

A

Proximal: lateral and medial condyles of femur; Action: plantar flexes foot, flexes knee

28
Q

What artery supplies blood to the deep structures of the hand?

A

Deep palmar arch​​

29
Q

What nerve supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

30
Q

Which ligament in the wrist acts to limit excessive radial deviation?

A

Ulnar collateral ligament​​

31
Q

What is the common origin of the hamstring muscles?

A

Ischial tuberosity

32
Q

What type of joint is the hip joint and why?

A

Ball and socket joint, allowing for a wide range of movement

33
Q

What structures form the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Ulnar border: tendon of extensor pollicis longus; Radial border: tendons of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis; Floor: scaphoid and trapezium bones

34
Q

What is the function of the brachioradialis muscle?

A

Flexion of the forearm at the elbow

35
Q

What is the most common site of femoral artery palpation?

A

Mid-inguinal point, halfway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic symphysis

36
Q

Which nerve innervates the deltoid muscle?

A

Axillary nerve

37
Q

What type of fracture is most common in the distal radius?

A

Colles’ fracture​​

38
Q

Which structures are at risk in an anteroinferior dislocation of the shoulder?

A

Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery​​

39
Q

What is the action of the supraspinatus muscle?

A

Initiates abduction of the arm (0-15 degrees)

40
Q

Which ligament is commonly injured along with the ACL in knee injuries?

A

Medial collateral ligament (MCL)​​

41
Q

What artery supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Posterior tibial artery

42
Q

What is the role of the quadriceps tendon?

A

Connects the quadriceps muscles to the patella, aiding in knee extension​​

43
Q

What muscle is the primary extensor of the forearm?

A

Triceps brachii

44
Q

What nerve is affected in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Median nerve

45
Q

Which artery runs with the deep fibular nerve in the leg?

A

Anterior tibial artery

46
Q

What is the main function of the deltoid muscle?

A

Abduction of the arm (15-90 degrees)

47
Q

What structures form the femoral triangle?

A

Borders: Inguinal ligament (superior), sartorius (lateral), adductor longus (medial); Contents: Femoral nerve, artery, and vein

48
Q

What is the anatomical landmark for the brachial artery pulse?

A

Medial to the biceps brachii tendon at the elbow

49
Q

Which ligament runs from the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the lateral side of the head of the fibula?

A

Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament (LCL)​​

50
Q

What is the function of the popliteus muscle?

A

Unlocks the knee by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia during initial phase of flexion

51
Q

Which artery is commonly used for coronary artery bypass grafts?

A

Great saphenous vein

52
Q

What is the common clinical test for an ACL tear?

A

Lachman test​​

53
Q

What are the borders of the carpal tunnel?

A

Roof: flexor retinaculum; Floor: carpal bones

54
Q

What is the role of the anterior tibial artery?

A

Supplies blood to the anterior compartment of the leg

55
Q

Which nerve runs between the two heads of the pronator teres muscle?

A

Median nerve

Anatomy (4 decks)

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