MSK Flashcards
What is the most common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis?
Vertebral fractures.
Who’s the most common patient for osteoporosis?
An elderly woman
What are some lifestyle issues associated with osteoporosis?
Alcohol and tobacco
How is osteoporosis diagnosis made?
By DEXA scan with a T-score ≤ -2.5
What is the first line treatment for osteoporosis?
Bisphosphonates
What is the most common fracture in osteoporosis?
Vertebral body compression fractures
What is an orthopedic, idiopathic avascular necrosis of the hip that affects children 3 to 12 years old?
Legg-Calvé-Perthes
What is the most common manifestation of late Lyme disease?
Arthritis.
What’s the most common cause of Legg-Calvé-Perthes?
Osteonecrosis of the proximal femoral head
What is the best initial treatment approach for carpal tunnel syndrome?
Wrist splinting
Which nerve injury causes the “claw hand,” which is the inability to open the fourth and fifth digits?
Ulnar nerve.
In which fingers would a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome complaining of pain and numbness?
In the first, second, and third digits, especially at night
What is the test for carpal tunnel symptoms that involves wrist hyperflexion?
Phalens sign
What is the test for carpal tunnel symptoms that involves percussion over the carpal tunnel?
Tinels sign
Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel?
Median nerve
What is the most appropriate treatment for giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)?
Prednisone
What are the classic symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica?
Unexplained pain and stiffness in the shoulders, pelvic girdle, and hips.
What are the three major patient complaints seen in giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)?
Monocular visual loss, unilateral headache, jaw claudication
What is the typical patient with giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)?
woman > 50-years-old
What is the ESR with giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)?
> 50
How is the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis) made?
Temporal artery biopsy
Synovial fluid analysis showing crystals with a rhomboid shape is a diagnostic findings is suggestive of what?
Pseudogout
What is the first-line medication to prevent flares of acute gout arthritis?
Allopurinol.
What demographic is the typical patient with pseudogout?
A middle-aged man