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The cardiovascular system > Msk > Flashcards

Msk Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteus maximus

A 
Innervation= inferior gluteal nerve
Actions= extends thigh and assists with lateral rotation
Attachments= gluteal surface of sacrum, ilium and coccyx, inserts into iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
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2
Q

Muscles in gluteal region- superficial

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
Tensor fascia lata

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3
Q

Muscles in the gluteal region- deep

A 
Piriformis
Superior gemelli
Inferior gemelli
Obturator internus
Quaratus femoris
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4
Q

Muscles in anterior thigh

A 
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedialis
Rectus femoris
Gracilis
Illiopsoas
Sartorius
Pectineus
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5
Q

Muscles in medial compartment of thigh

A 
Obturator externus
Adductor Magnus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Gracilis
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6
Q

Muscles in posterior compartment of the thigh

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendonosus
Semimembranosus

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7
Q

Muscles in anterior compartment of leg

A 
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
(Tom, Dick and a very nervous Harry)
Fibularis tertius- arises from extensor digitorum longus
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8
Q

Muscles in lateral compartment of leg

A

Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis
(Posterior to lateral malleolus)

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9
Q

Muscles in posterior compartment to leg

A

Gastrocnemius
Plantaris
Soleus

Popliteus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

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10
Q

Foot muscles

A

Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallucis brevis

Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevusabductor digiti minimi
Quadratus planate
Lumbricalsflexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis 
Plantar interossei
Dorsal interossei
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11
Q

Muscles of the pectoral regions

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior

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12
Q

Muscles of thee extrinsic shoulder

A 
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
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13
Q

Muscles of the intrinsic shoulder

A 
Teres major
Deltoid
Supraspinatus 
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
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14
Q

Arm muscles

A

Triceps brachii
Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

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15
Q

Muscles in anterior forearm

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Pronator teres

Flexor digitorum, superficialis

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollucis longus
Pronator quaratus

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16
Q

Muscles in posterior forearm- superficial

A 
Brachioradialis 
Extensor carpi radialis longus 
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris 
Aconeus
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17
Q

Muscles of posterior forearm- deep

A 
Supinator
Abductor pollucis longus
Extensor pollucis brevis
Extensor pollucis longus
Extensor indicis proprius
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18
Q

Muscles of the hand

A

Thenar muscles
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

Hypothenar muscles
Opponens digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Lumbricals
Dorsal and palmar interossei

Palmaris brevis
Adductor pollicis

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19
Q

Gluteus medius

A 
Action= abducts and medially rotates the lower limb
Innervation= superior gluteal nerve
Attachments= origin- ilium and insertion- anterior side of greater trochanter
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20
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Innervation= superior gluteal nerve
Actions=abducts and medially rotates the limb
Attachments= ilium to greater trochanter

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21
Q

Tensor fascia lata

A 
Action= abduction and medially rotation of lower limb
Innervation= superior gluteal nerve
Attachments= anterior iliac crest to ilititibial tract- inserts into lateral tibial condyle
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22
Q

Piriformis

A

Action=lateral rotation and abduction
Innervation= nerve to piriformis
Attachments=anterior surface of sacrum to greater sciatic foramen and into greater trochanter of femur

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23
Q

Obturator internus

A 
Actions= lateral rotation and abduction
Innervation= nerve to obturator internus
Attachments= originates from pubis and ischium at obturator foramen, travels through less sciatic foramen and attaches to greater trochanter of femur
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24
Q

Superior Gemelli

A 
Action= lateral rotation and abduction
Innervation= nerve to obturator inetrnus
Attachments= ischial spine to greater trochanter
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25
Q

Inferior gemelli

A 
Action= lateral rotation and abduction
Innervation= nerve to quaratus femoris
Attachments= ischial tuberosity to greater trochanter
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26
Q

Quadratus femoris

A 
Actions= lateral rotation 
Innervation= nerve to quadratus femoris
Attachments= lateral side of ischial tuberosity and attaches to quadrate tuberosity of intertrochanetric crest
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27
Q

Nerves in superficial gluteal region

A

Inferior (glut max) and superior (rest) gluteal nerves

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28
Q

Actions of superior gluteal region

A

Glut max= extensor of thigh and medial rotation

Rest= abduction and medial rotation

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29
Q

Innervation of deep gluteal region

A

Nerve to piriformis= piriformis
Nerve to quadratus femoris= quaratus femoris and inferior gemellus
Nerve to obturator internus= superior gemelli and obturator internus

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30
Q

Actions of deep gluteal region

A

All except quadratus femoris= lateral rotation and abduction

Quadratus femoris= lateral rotation

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31
Q

Illiacus

A 
Innervation= femoral nerve
Action= flexes hip and assists in lateral rotation
Attachments= iliac fossa of pelvis to lesser trochanter of femur
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32
Q

Psoas major

A 
Innervation= anterior rami of l1-3
Actions= flexes hip and assists in lateral rotation
Attachments= lumbar vertebrae to lesser trochanter of humerus
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33
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Innervation= femoral nerve
Action= extends the knee and stabilises the patella
Attachments=greater trochanter and linea aspera to patella ligament

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34
Q

Vastus intermedialis

A 
Innervation= femoral nerve
Actions= extends knee and stabilises patella
Attachments= anterior and lateral surface of femoral shaft to patellar ligament
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35
Q

Vastus medialis

A 
Innervation= femoral nerve 
Actions= extends knee and stabilises patella 
Attachments= intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera to patellar ligament
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36
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Innervation= femoral nerve
Actions=flexes hip and extends knee
Attachments= ilium- superior to acetabulum and attaches to patella by patellar ligament

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37
Q

Sartorius

A

Innervation= femoral nerve
Actions=flexes, abducts and laterally rotates hip and flexes knee
Attachments= superior iliac spine to superior medial surface of tibia

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38
Q

Pectineus

A 
Innervation= femoral nerve
Actions= adduction and flexion at hip
Attachments= pectineal line on pelvis and attaches to pectineal line of femur just inferior to lesser trochanter
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39
Q

Innervation of anterior thigh

A

Femoral nerve- except pextineus which may have some help from obturator nerve

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40
Q

Action of quadriceps femoris

A

Quadriceps- extends knee and stabilises patella - except rectus femoris which also flexes hip

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41
Q

Adductor Magnus

A 
Innervation= adductor part= L2-4 hamstring part=L4-S3
Actions= adducts, flexes and extends thigh
Attachments= adductor part= inferior ramrod pubis to linea aspera hamstring part= ischial tuberosity to medial supracondylar line of femur
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42
Q

Adductor longus

A 
Innervation= obturator nerve
Actions= adduction and medial rotation of thigh
Attachments= originates from pubis attaches to linea aspera of femur
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43
Q

Adductor brevis

A 
Innervation= obturator nerve 
Actions= adduction of thigh
Attachments= body of pubis and inferior pubic rami to linea aspera proximal to adductor longus
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44
Q

Obturator externus

A 
Innervation= obturator nerve
Actions= lateral rotation of thigh
Attachments= membrane of obturator foramen to greater trochanter
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45
Q

Gracilis

A 
Innervation= obturator nerve
Actions= adduction of thigh at hip and flexion of leg at knee
Attachments= inferior rami of pubis, descends vertically down leg to gooses foot
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46
Q

Innervation of medial thigh

A

Except adductor Magnus= obturator nerve

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47
Q

Actions of medial thigh

A

Except obturator externus= adducts the thigh

48
Q

Biceps femoris

A 
Innervastion= sciatic nerve
Actions= flexion at knee, extension at hip and lateral rotation at both
Attachments= long head= ischial tuberosity short head= linea aspera both insert into head of fibula
49
Q

Semitendonosus

A 
Innervation= tibial part of sciatic nerve
Action= flexes knee, extension of thigh at hip, medial rotation at both
Attachments= ischial tuberosity of pelvis to medial surface of tibia
50
Q

Semimembranosus

A 
Innervation= tibial part of sciatic nerve
Attachments= ischial tuberosity to medial tibial condyle
Actions= flexion at knee, extension at hip medially rotates both
51
Q

Innervation of posterior thigh

A

Tibial part of sciatic nerve

52
Q

Actions of posterior thigh

A

Flexion at knee
Extension at hip
Medial rotation of both

53
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Innervation= deep fibular nerve
Actions= dorsiflexion and inversion of foot
Attachments=lateral surface of tibia to medial cuneiformand base of first metatarsal

54
Q

Extensor digitorum longus - LEG

A

Innervation= deep fibular nerve
Actions= extension of lateral 4 toes and dorsiflexion of the foot
Attachments=lateral condyle of tibia and medial surface of fibula inserts into toes

55
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A 
Innervation= deep fibular nerve
Actions= extension of great toe and dorsiflexion of foot
Attachments= medial surface of fibular shaft attaches to distal pahalanx of great toe
56
Q

Fibularis tertius

A 
Innervation= deep fibular nerve
Actions= eversion and dorsiflexion of foot
Attachments= extensor digitorum longus descends with EDL then attaches to fifth metatarsal
57
Q

Innervation of anterior compartment of leg

A

Deep fibular nerve

58
Q

Action all anterior leg

A

Dorsiflexion of the foot

59
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Innervation= superficial fibular nerve
Actions= eversion and plantarflexion of foot
Attachments=superior and lateral surface of fibula attaches to cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1

60
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

Innervation= superficial fibular nerve
Action= eversion of the foot
Originates from inferolateral fibular shaft to tubercle on 5th metatarsal

61
Q

Innervation of lateral leg

A

Superficial fibular nerve

62
Q

Action of lateral leg

A

Eversion of foot

63
Q

Gastrocnemius

A 
Innervation= tibial nerve
Actions= planatrflexion and flexes the knee
Attachments= lateral head= lateral femoral condyle medial head= medial femoral condyle inserts into calcaneal tendon
64
Q

Plantaris

A 
Innervation= tibial nerve
Actions= plantarflexes at ankle and flexes the knee
Attachments= originates from lateral supracondylar ridge and blends with calcaneal tendon
65
Q

Soleus

A 
Innervation= tibial nerve
Actions= plantarflexion
Attachments= Soledad line of tibia joins the calcaneal tendon
66
Q

Popliteus

A 
Innervation= tibial nerve
Actions= unlocks knee
Attachments= posterior surface of proximal tibia to lateral condyle and meniscus of the knee
67
Q

Tibialis posterior

A 
Innervation= tibial nerve
Actions= inverts and plantarflexes foot and maintains medial arch of foot
Attachments= interosseous membrane to medial malleolus
68
Q

Flexor digitorum longus (LEG)

A 
Innervation= tibial nerve
Action= flexes lateral four toes
Attachments= medial surface of tibia attaches to plantar surface of lateral four digits
69
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A 
Innervation= tibial nerve
Action= flexes great toe
Attachments= posterior surface of fibula to plantar surface of phalanx
70
Q

Postrior leg innervation

A

Tibial nerve

71
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Innervation= medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Action= adducts and medially rotates upper limb and draws scapula inferolaterally
Attachments=intertubecular sulcus of humerus to medial clavicle and sternum

72
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Innervation= medial pectoral nerve
Action=stabilises scapula
Attachments= 3rd to 5th ribs into coracoid process of scapula

73
Q

Serratus anterior

A 
Innervation= long thoracic nerve
Action= allows arm to be raised over 90 degrees
Attachments= lateral aspects of ribs1-8 and costal border of scapula
74
Q

Subclavius

A 
Innervation= nerve to subclavius
Action= anchors and depresses clavicle
Attachments= 1st rib to inferior surface of middle 3rd of clavicle
75
Q

Trapezius

A 
Innervation= accessory nerve
Actions= upper fibres= elevate scapula and rotates during abduction of the arm lower fibres pull scapula inferiorly, middle fibres retract scapula
Attachments= skull, nonchalant ligament and spinous processes, clavicle acromion and scapula spine
76
Q

Latissmus dorsi

A 
Innervation= thoracodorsal nerve
Actions= extends,abducts and medially rotates upper limb
Attachments= t6-12, iliac crest, thoracocolumbar fascia and inferior 3 ribs
77
Q

Levator scapulae

A 
Innervation= dorsal scapular nerve
Action= elevates the scapula
Attachments= c1-4 to medial border of scapula
78
Q

Rhomboid major

A 
Innervation= dorsal scapular nerve
Actions= rotates and retracts scapula
Attachments= t2-t5 vertebrae and medial border of scapula
79
Q

Rhomboid minor

A 
Innervation= dorsal scapula nerve
Actions= retracts and rotates the scapula
Attachments= c7-t1 vertebrae to medial border of scapula at level of spine of scapula
80
Q

Deltoid

A 
Innervation= axillary nerve
Actions= anterior fibres = flex shoulder.  Posterior fibres= extends arm at shoulder. Middle fibres= abduct the arm
Attachments= scapula and clavicle and attaches to deltoid tuberosity on lateral surface of humerus
81
Q

Teres major

A

Innervation= lower subscapular nerve
Action=adducts and medially rotates arm
Attachments= posterior inferior angle of scapula to intertubecular groove of humerus

82
Q

Supraspinatus

A 
Innervation= suprascapular nerve
Actions= abducts the arm 0-15 degrees and assists deltoid 15-90 degrees
Attachments= originates from supraspinatus fossa of scapula and attaches to greater tubercle of humerus
83
Q

Infraspinatus

A 
Innervation= suprascapular nerve
Actions= laterally rotates the arm
Attachments= infraspinatus fossa of scapula to greater tubercle of humerus
84
Q

Teres minor

A 
Innervation= axillary nerve
Action= laterally rotates arm
Attachments= originates from posterior surface of scapula attaches to greater tubercle of humerus
85
Q

Subscapularis

A

Innervation= upper and lower subscapular nerve
Action= medially rotates arm
Attachments=subscapular fossa to lesser tubercle of humerus

86
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Innervation= musculocutaneous nerve
Action=supination and flexion of arm at elbow and shoulder
Attachments=supraglenoid tubercle of scapula and coracoid process of scapula to radial tuberosity

87
Q

Coracobrachialis

A 
Innervation= musculocutaneous nerve
Actions= flexes shoulder
Attachments= coracoid process to medial humoral shaft at level of deltoi tubercle
88
Q

Brachialis

A 
Innervation= musculocutaneous nerve
Actions= flexion at elbow
Attachments= medial and lateral surfaces of humoral shaft to ulna tuberosity
89
Q

Triceps brachii

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Function= extension of elbow
Attachments= long head= infraspinatus glenoid tubercle lateral head= superior to radial groove medial  medial head= inferior to radial groove to olecronon of ulna
90
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Innervation= ulnar nerve
Actions= flexion and adduction at wrist
Attachments=medial epicondyle to pisiform

91
Q

Palmaris longus

A 
Innervation= median nerve
Action= flexes at wrist
Attachments= medial epicondyle to flexor retinaculum at wrist
92
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Innervation=median nerve
Actions= flexion and abduction at wrist
Attachm,nets= medial epicondyle to metacarpals ii and iii

93
Q

Pronator teres

A 
Innervation= median nerve
Actions= pronation of forearm
Attachments= medial epicondyle coronoid process of ulna to mid shaft of radius
94
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A 
Innervation= median nerve
Actions= flexes MCP and PIP joints 4 fingers and flexes wrist
Attachments= medial epicondyle of humerus and radius to four tendons at wrist
95
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A 
Innervation= medial half= ulnar nerve  lateral half= median nerve
Actions= flexes distal interphalangeal joints of fingers and MCP and at wrist
Attachments= interossous membrane four tendons
96
Q

Flexor pollucis longus

A

Innervation=median nerve
Actions= flexes IP and MCP joints
Attachments= anterior surface of radius and surronding interosseous membrane and base of signal phalanx

97
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Innervation=median nerve
Action= pronation
Attachments= anterior surface of ulna to anterior surface of radius

98
Q

Brachioradialis

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Actions= flexes elbow
Attachments= proximal aspect of supracondylar ridge and distal end of radius
99
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Actions= extends and abducts the wrist
Attachments= supracondylar ridge and attach to metacarpal bones 2 and 3
100
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Action= extends and abducts the wrist
Attachments= lateral epicondyle to metacarpals 2 and 3
101
Q

Extensor digitorum (ARM)

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Actions= extends fingers at MCP and IP joints
Attachments= lateral epicondyle to extensor hood of each arm
102
Q

Extensor digiti minimi (ARM)

A 
Innervation= deep branch of radial nerve 
Action= extension of little finger
Attachment= lateral epicondyles to extensor hood of little finger
103
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A 
Innervation= deep branch of radial nerve
Actions= extension and adduction of wrist
Attachments= lateral epicondyle of humerus  to base of 5th metacarpal
104
Q

Aconeus

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Action= extends and stabilises elbow and abducts ulna during pronation of forearm
Attachment= lateral epicondyle to lateral olecronon
105
Q

Supinator

A 
Innervation= deep branch of radial nerve
Action= supination
Attachments= lateral epicondyle and posterior surface of uln to posterior surface of radius
106
Q

Abductor pollicis longus

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Action= abducts thumb
Attachments= interosseous membrane to base of first metacarpal
107
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Actions= extends MCP and CMC joints of thumb
Attachments= posterior radial surface to base of proximalphalanx of thumb
108
Q

Extensor pollucis longus

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Action= extends all thumb joints
Attachments= posterior surface of ulna to distal phalanx of thumb
109
Q

Extensor indicis proprius

A 
Innervation= radial nerve
Action= extends index finger
Attachments= posterior surface of ulna to extenso hood of index finger
110
Q

Opponens pollicis

A

Innervation= medial nerve
Action= opposition of thumb
Attachments=tubercle of trapezium to lateral margin of metacarpal of thumb

111
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A 
Innervation= median nerve
Action= abducts the thumb
Attachments= tubercles of scaphoid and trapeziumto lateral side of proximal phalanx of thumb
112
Q

Flexor pollucis brevis

A 
Innervation= median nerve
Action= flexes the MCP joint of thumb
Attachments= tubercle of trapezium to proximal phalanx
113
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A

Innervation= ulnar nerve
Action= opposition of little finger
Attachments=hook of hamate to medial margin of 5th metacarpal

114
Q

Abductor digiti minimi (ARM)

A 
Innervation= ulnar nerve
Action= abducts little finger
Attachments= pisiform to proximal phalanx of little finger
115
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis (ARM)

A 
Innervation= ulnar nerve
Actions= flexes MCP joint of little finger
Attachments= hook of hamate to proximal phalanx

The cardiovascular system (7 decks)

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