Basic anatomy

Question 1

Chambers of the heart

Answer 1

Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Right atrium

Question 2

Vessels leaving the heart

Answer 2

Pulmoary artery

Aorta

Question 3

Vessels entering the heart

Answer 3

4 pulmonary veins,

Superior and inferior vena cava

Question 4

Valves in the heart

Answer 4

Mitral valve
Tricuspid valve
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve

Question 5

Arterial structure 3 layers

Answer 5

Tunica adventitious- connective tissue
Tunica media- external lamina and smooth muscle cells
Tunica intima- endothelium

Question 6

Blood flow

Answer 6

3% heart muscle
5% bones
6% Skin 
14% brain
15% skeletal muscle
22% kidney
21% GI tract
27% liver
8% other

Question 7

Cardiac output equations

Answer 7

Cardiac output= heart rate x stroke volume

Question 8

Normal heart rate

Answer 8

60-90 beats per minutes

Question 9

Heart rate

Answer 9

150-200 beats per minute

Question 10

Layers of heart wall

Answer 10

Epicardium- serous membrane/ smooth outer surface of the heart
Myocardium- middle layer composed of cardiac muscle cells and is responsible for the heart contracting
Endocardium smooth inner surface of heart chambers

Question 11

Pectinate muscles

Answer 11

Muscularridges in auricle and right atrial wall

Question 12

Trabeculae carnae

Answer 12

Muscular ridges and column on the inside walls of the ventricles

Question 13

Heart valves on the right

Answer 13

Tricuspid and aortic

Question 14

Heart valves on the left

Answer 14

Mitral valve and pulmonary valve

Question 15

Coronary arteries

Answer 15

Circumflex artery,
right coronary artery
left main artery,
Left anterior descending

Question 16

Major arteries of the limbs

Answer 16

Arteries of the upper limb- subclavian, axillary, brachial, radial and ulnar.
Arteries of the lower limb- external iliac, deep femoral, femoral, poplitea, anterior tibial, posterior, fibulae and dorsalis pedis

Question 17

Arteries of the head and trunk

Answer 17

Internal carotid, 
external carotid, 
left common carotid, 
brachiocephalic,
Aortic arch
Pulmonary trunk,
Splenic ,
Thoracic aorta
Renal 
,celiac trunk,
Superior mesenteric,
Inferior mesenteric,
Abdominal aorta
Common iliac
Internal iliac