MSK

Question 1

what are the causes of true difference in leg length

Answer 1

congenital dislocation of the hip
trauma or surgery
increased limb growth due to arthritis
severe hemiparesis
osteogenesis imperfecta
colliers disease
hemihypertrophy

Question 2

what is associated with hemihypertrophy

Answer 2

idiopathic
wilms tumour
neurofibromatosis
arteriovenous malformation
diastometamyelia

Question 3

scoliosis is associated with

Answer 3

sprengels shoulder
and klippel feil syndrome

Question 4

sprengels shoulder

Answer 4

one scapula is fixed in a high position due to failure to descend during fetal development

Question 5

what are the causes of high arched feet?

Answer 5

spina bifida
diastometamyelia
friedreich’s ataxia
Charcot marie tooth syndrome

Question 6

what is diastometamyelia

Answer 6

weakness and sensory impairment in the legs possibly bladder problems and unequal lower limb growth due to spinal cord tethering.

Question 7

what are the signs of friedreich’s ataxia

Answer 7

cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal signs and dorsal column sensory loss and scoliosis

Question 8

most common causes of a limp

Answer 8

verruca or source of pain in the foot
local trauma
irritable hip
reactive viral arthritis

Question 9

less common causes of limp

Answer 9

juvenile chronic arthritis
bacterial arthritis
osteomyelitis
osgoof schlauer disease
chondromalacia patellae
perches disease
slipped femoral epiphysis
malignancy
Henoch Schonlein purpura