MSCK Flashcards
Epi of Rahbdomyosarcoma
Most common soft tissue Sarcoma
of children
Varients of Rhamdomyosarcoma
1) Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma
2) Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
3) Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma
Microscopic featurs:
* Typical rhabdo-myoblasts with eccentric eosinophilic cytoplasm
* high cellularity
* “Cambium layer” of tightly packed tumour cells beneath the epithelium
features of?
Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma (of the SM)
Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
Microscopic featurs:
* Typical rhabdo-myoblasts with eccentric eosinophilic cytoplasm
* high cellularity
* “————–” of tightly packed tumour cells beneath the epithelium
* eccentric : deviating away from the center
Microscopic featurs:
* Typical rhabdo-myoblasts with eccentric eosinophilic cytoplasm
* high cellularity
* “Cambium layer” of tightly packed tumour cells beneath the epithelium
Microscopic features:
* Tumour cells line hollow spaces
* Fibro-vascular septa
* “Picket fence”-like arrangement
features of?
Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma
Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma
Microscopic features:
* Tumour cells line hollow spaces
* Fibro-vascular septa
* “————–”-like arrangement
Microscopic features:
* Tumour cells line hollow spaces
* Fibro-vascular septa
* “Picket fence”-like arrangement
immunohesitochemistry used to stain Monocytes
NADH-HR
Histopatho:
▪ Involvement of both type I and type II fibres
▪ Small and angular fibers as well as target fibres
▪ Fibre Type grouping, after re-innervation
features of?
Denervation Atrophy
what do you obsever , what condition causes this?
Target fibers caused by Denervation Atrophy
* traget fibers are normally found on type I fibers
Lab findings of Duchenne Muscular dystrophy
Increased serum CK
Microscopic findings:
Tangles of small rod-shaped granules (“Rod bodies”), predominantly in type I fibres
feature of?
Nemaline Myopathy
Distinctive micro featurs of Nemaline Myopathy
“Rod bodies” in type I fibers
CM of Nemaline Myopathy
Variable clinical presentation; from mild, non- progressive disease to severe weakness → Death from respiratory failure
Microscopic features:
▪ “Ragged red” appearance of muscle fibres
▪ Various mitochondrial enzyme or co-enzyme defects (detected by immuno-histochemistry -NADH-TR)
features of?
Mitochondrial Myopathies
Distinctive micro features found in Mitochondrial Myopathies
“Ragged Red” appearance of muscle fibers
Microscopic featuers:
- Synovitis w/ Lymph-plasmacytic infiltrates and oedema
- Hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the synovial lining cells → finger-like villi
- Granulation tissue (pannus) over articular cartilage
- Extension of pannus to sub-chondral bone → gradual erosions of bones and cartilage
- Subcutaneous nodules
- Cystic change sof the ‘nercrobiotic’ centre
- fibrinoid necrosis
- palisading epithelioid macrophages
features of?
Rheumatoid arthritis
Chracteristic Chronic joint changes in Rheumatoid arthritis
1) “Swan neck” deformity of the fingers
2) Botuonniere deformity of the thumb
3) Ulnar deviation of the MCP joints
CM of Ankylosing Spondylitis
Involvement of the spine: Bone fusion “Bamboo spine”
Which disorder is has the following manifestaiton?
fusion of spinal bones “Bamboo spine”
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Type of Seronegtaive arthrits
CM of Psoriatic Arthritis
1) “Pencil-in-cup deformity of the joints (seen on Radiograph)
2) Nail pitting
3) skin and nail lesions
4) sausage-shaped DIP joints
A patient comes in with the follwing CM:
1) Nail lesions
2) “Pencil-in-cup” deformities of the joints (Seen on Radiograph)
3) Nail pitting and
4) Sausage-shaped DIP joints
Diagnosis?
Psoriatic Arthritis
cause of Osteoarthritis
Mechanical taruma
“Wear-and-tear” arthritis
* Osteoarthritis
Morphologic Features:
- Fragments of ———- into synovial fluid
- ————–: Polished, ———– appearance of bone
- Sub-chondrally located cystic changes
- New bone (—————) formation
- charcteristic ”————“
- ———– and ————- nodes
features of?
- Fragments of Cartilage into synovial fluid
- Eburnation: Polished, ivory-like appearance of bone
- New bone (Sub-chondrally) and osteophyte (bony projections) formation
- charcteristic “Joint mice”
- Heberden and Bouchard nodes
Morphologic features:
- Fragments of Cartilage into synovial fluid
- Eburnation: Polished, ivory-like appearance of bone
- New bone (Sub-chondrally) and osteophyte (bony projections) formation
- charcteristic “Joint mice”
- Heberden and Bouchard nodes
features of?
Osteoarthritis
Where Are Heberden nodes located?
Osteophytes (bony projections) at the distal inter-phalangeal joints of the fingers
Where are Bouchard nodes located?
Osteophytes at the proximal inter-phalangeal joints of the fingers
Morphological feature of?
Osteoarthritis
