MS - Path (Scleroderma & Dermatologic terms) Flashcards
Pg. 430-431 in First Aid 2014 Sections include: -Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) -Dermatologic macroscopic terms (morphology) -Dermatologic microscopic terms
What is another name for Scleroderma? What defines this condition?
Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis); Excessive fibrosis and collagen deposition throughout the body
How does the skin appear in Scleroderma, and why?
Commonly sclerosis of skin, manifesting as puffy and taut skin with absence of wrinkles
Besides the skin, what other 4 systems are affected in Scleroderma patients, and how? Which of these is the most common cause of death in Scleroderma patients?
Also sclerosis of renal, pulmonary (most common cause of death), cardiovascular, and GI systems
Which gender is most affected by scleroderma, and what percentage of Scleroderma patients are this gender?
75% female
What are the 2 major types of Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)?
(1) Diffuse scleroderma (2) Limited scleroderma
What characterizes Diffuse scleroderma in terms of skin involvement, progression, & visceral involvement?
Diffuse scleroderma - Widespread skin involvement, rapid progression, early visceral involvement
With what autoantibody is Diffuse scleroderma associated? Give another name for this autoantibody.
Associated with anti-Scl-70 antibody (anti-DNA topoisomerase I antibody)
What characterizes Limited scleroderma? Include all involvement.
Limited slceroderma - Limited skin involvement confined to fingers and face. Also with CREST involvement: Calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly, and Telangiectasia
Compare the course of Limited scleroderma to that of Diffuse scleroderma.
More benign clinical course
With what autoantibody is Limited scleroderma associated?
Associated with anti-Centromere antibody; Think: “C for CREST”
What defines a macule? What are 2 examples of this?
Flat lesion with well-circumscribed change in skin color > 1 cm; Freckle, Labial macule
What defines a patch? What is an example of this?
Macule > 1 cm; Large birthmark (congenital nevus)
What defines a papule? What are 2 examples of this?
Elevated solid skin lesions < 1 cm; Mole (nevus), Acne
What defines a plaque? What is an example o f this?
Papule > 1 cm; Psoriasis
What defines a vesicle? What are 2 examples of this?
Small fluid-containing blistering < 1 cm; Chickenpox (varicella), Shingles (zoster)
What defines a bulla? What is an example of this?
Large fluid-containg blistering > 1 cm; Bullous pemphigoid
What defines a pustule? What is an example of this?
Vesicle containing pus; Pustular psoriasis
What defines a wheal? What is an example of this?
Transient smooth papule or plaque; Hives (urticaria)
What defines a scale? What are 3 examples of this?
Flaking off of stratum corenum; Eczema, psoriasis, SCC
What defines crust? What is an example of this?
Dry exudate; Impetigo
What are 5 dermatologic microscopic terms?
(1) Hyperkeratosis (2) Parakeratosis (3) Spongiosis (4) Acantholysis (5) Acanthosis
What defines hyperkeratosis? What are 2 examples of this?
Increased thickness of stratum corneum; Psoriasis, calluses
What defines parakeratosis? What is an example of this?
Hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum; Psoriasis
What defines spongiosis? What is an example of this?
Epidermal accumulation of edematous fluid in intercellular spaces; Eczematous dermatitis
What defines acantholysis? What is an example of this?
Separation of epidermal cells; Pemphigus vulgaris
What defines acanthosis? Give specific skin layer involved. What is an example of this?
Epidermal hyperplasia (increased spinosum); Acanthosis nigricans
