MS Flashcards
1
Q
Avonex
- mechanisms
- side effects
A
IFN-beta-1a
- inhibit T-cell activation; shift from Th1 to Th2: don’t let T-cells cross BBB; cause apoptosis of Tcells; INF-g antagonist
- anemia, increased LFT, hypothyroid, least NAB
2
Q
Rebif
- mechanisms
- side effects
A
IFN-beta-1a
- same as avonex but more efficacious
- anemia, leukopenia, menstrual irregularities, hypothyroidism
3
Q
Betaseron
- mechanisms
- side effects
A
IFN-beta-1b
- same as avonex and rebif, more efficacious than avonex
- same as rebif but with more NABs
4
Q
Extavia
- mechanism
- side effects
A
INF-beta-1b
- same
- same
5
Q
Glatiramer acetate
- mechanism
- side effects
A
myeline basic protein analog
- causes Tcell apoptosis, induces shift from Th1 to Th2, induces Treg
- mild injection site reaction, mild anxiety with injection
6
Q
Natalizumab
- mechanism
- side effects
A
monoclonal antibody
- bind to VLA4, inhibit leukocyte crossing of BBB
- PML, acute urticaria, hypersensitivity
7
Q
Fingolimod
- mechanism
- side effect
A
sphingosine-1-phosphate analog
- prodrug, sequesters lymphocytes in lymphoid organs
- bradycardia and heart block, macular edema
8
Q
Teriflunomide
- mechanism
- side effect
A
immunosuppressant
- block pyramiding synthesis thus reducing T and B cell proliferation
- hepatotoxicity, teratogen
9
Q
Dimethyl fumarate
- mechanism
- side effect
A
antioxidant
- neuroprotective, eliminate free radicals, Th1-> Th2
- N/V, diarrhea, stomach pain, flushing
10
Q
Azathioprine, Methotrexate, Cyclophosphamide, Mycophenolate
A
immunosuppresants, acute treatment, marrow suppression
