Dopamenergics Flashcards
1
Q
Levodopa
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
A
prodrug
- dopamine precursor
- given w/ carbidopa, first-line treatment for parkinson’s
- dyskinesias, “on-off”, psychosis
2
Q
Carbidopa
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
A
prevents peripheral conversion of L-Dopa to dopamine
- aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor
- helps improve efficacy of L-dopa in parkinson’s
- increase side effects of L-dopa
3
Q
Bromocriptine
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
- similar drug
A
Ergot derivative
- D2 receptor agonist, D1 antagonist
- mild parkinsons, hyperprolactinemia
- pleural effusions, pulmonary fibrosis, SOB, cough
- pergolide
4
Q
Pramipexole
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
- similar drug
A
Non-ergot
- Selective D2 agonist
- mild parkinsons, restless leg
- psychosis, nausea, edema
- ropinorole, rotigotine
5
Q
Apomorphine
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
A
- non-ergot
- rescue therapy for “off” periods
- psychosis, drowsiness, hypersexuality, emesis, hypotension
6
Q
Selegiline
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
- similar drug
A
prevents the breakdown of DA
- MAO-B inhibitor
- mild early parkinson’s, delay onset of L-dopa therapy, improve L-dopa therapy, reduce ‘off’ time
- hypotension, GI distress, dyskinesia, psychosis
- Rasagiline
7
Q
Bupropion
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
- similar drugs
A
- DAT inhibitor within the cortex
- anti-depressant
- norepi reuptake inhibitor, stimulant, insomnia, quitting smoking
- amphetamines, methylphenidate
8
Q
Tolcapone
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
- similar drugs
A
Prevents the breakdown of DA into a competitive partial agonist
- COMT inhibitor
- prolongs the half-life of Levodopa
- dyskinesia, diarrhea, urine discoloration, fatal hepatotoxicity
- entacapone: less side effects
9
Q
Benztropine
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
- similar drugs (5)
A
decreases ACh function
- muscarinic antagonist
- decrease tremor, rigidity, and drooling
- confusion, bad memory, hallucination
- trihexyphenidyl, diphenhydramine, biperiden, procyclidine, ethopropazine
10
Q
Amantadine
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
A
- dopanergic, anticholinergic, anti-NMDA
- treat movement disorders, reduce dyskinesias
- DA side effects, levido reticularis
11
Q
Chlorpromazine
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
- similar drugs (4)
A
causes catalepsy (trance, rigidity, no voluntary movement)
- 1st gen antipsychotic, phenothiazine
- schizophrenia (delusions, hallucination), movement disorders in Huntingtons
- NMS
- Fluphenazine, Trifluoperazine, perphenazine, thioridazine (most anti-M, least EPS)
12
Q
Haloperidol
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
- similar drugs
A
causes catalepsy
- 1st gen, butyrophenone
- schizophrenia (delusions, hallucination), severe huntington’s
- NMS, most likely to cause NMS
- thiothixene, loxapine
13
Q
Clozapine
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
A
2nd gen/atypical antipsychotic
- D2 receptor antagonist, 5HT2 receptor antagonist
- psychosis, suicide, and safe in pregnancy, no tardive dyskinesia
- agranulocytosis, weight gain, type2 DM, seizure, salivation
14
Q
Olanzapine
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
A
2nd gen/atypical antipsychotic
- D2 and 5HT2 receptor antagonist
- schizophrenia, severe bipolar
- metabolic complications, weight gain, DM
15
Q
Resperidone
- class
- therapeutics
- side effects
- similar drug
A
2nd gen/atypical antipsychotic
- D2 and 5HT2 receptor antagonist
- schizo, bipolar
- some TDs possible, insomnia, hyperprolactinemia
- ziprazidone
