Mrs Turner

Question 1

consensus approach is a perspective that emphasises the idea that society is held together by a general ___________________ or consensus among its members.
Also see’s society as a human body because?

Answer 1

-agreement

• organs rely on eachother

Question 2

A _____________________ view on society.
-Behaviour is directed through _____________________

Answer 2

-positive
-institutiions

Question 3

Functionalists believe:
-Every institution (like education) has an important role in making society ____________.
-Education has positive functions in _____________.
-They think industrial societies are efficient, democratic, and __________ to everyone.
-education helps the economy and society to run __________________.

Answer 3

-function
-society
-fair / equal
-effectively

Question 4

“_________________” view on education:
- Education helps people learn and share the ___________ of their society.
-He believed that education is a fair system, where your and ___________ determine your success.
-Education finds the right ______ for people based on their skills.
-It brings people _______________ and helps society stick together.

Answer 4

Parsons
-values
-abilities

-jobs
-together

Question 5

What are the 4 main roles of Education according to Functionalists?

Answer 5

• Socialisation
  -Role Allocation
  -Meritocracy (Ability determines success)
• Social Integration ( Solidarity )

Question 6

Durkheim’s view on Education:
-Education’s main role is to pass on the _________ and _________ of society to students.
-Education creates a sense of belonging, creating social _____________ among individuals.
-Besides formal lessons, norms and values are also taught through the “ ______________ _________________”
-Schools are like small societies where individuals learn to interact with others and follow rules, essential for ________ _____.

Answer 6

• norms and values.
• solidarity

-hidden curriculum.

-later life.

Question 7

What is the hidden curriculum?

Answer 7

the unspoken lessons and values that students learn in school through the school’s culture, rules, and interactions.

Question 8

Parsons believed:
-School serves as a _________ between ________ and the larger society.
- Because….

Answer 8

-Bridge, family

-Family is the first social institution where individuals learn the values and behaviours of the society, preparing them for broader society.

Question 9

Particularistic Standards

Answer 9

Each child is unique and might be treated differently based on their specific needs and personality.

Question 10

Universalistic Standards

Answer 10

everyone is held to the same set of rules and expectations.

Question 11

Davis and “__________” view education as ________ allocation
- They believed education is a system that selects individuals for their future ______ in society.
- Education ensures that the most ___________ individuals attain the most important and rewarding jobs in society. This _____________ people to work hard.

Answer 11

-Moore, role.
-roles

-capable
-motivates

Question 12

Criticisms of Role Allocation:
- Income- _____________ Link: In the UK, the better-off families _____________ more from increased educational opportunities, and there was a strong link between family income and __________________ achievement.
- study compared social mobility in the UK and the USA with eight other countries. It found that the UK and USA had the _____________ levels of social mobility.

Answer 12

• Education, benefited

-educational

-lowest

Question 13

“human capital” refers to the ___________________,_ _______, _______________, and ____________ that individuals possess

Answer 13

-knowledge, -skills, -education, -abilities

Question 14

Criticisms of Functionalism:
-“Education does benefit the whole of society” —-> Marxists argue that education benefits the _______ class or those that own the _________ of production
- “Education promotes the norms and values of society as a whole” (Durkheim and Parsons) ——> Marxists see education as ________________ the values of ______________ groups and is there to reinforce the proletariat place in society.

Answer 14

-ruling

-means

-promoting, powerful

Question 15

Structuralism

-Also sees individuals as controlled by social institutions..

Answer 15

a perspective that focuses on understanding society by examining the key social institutions that shape individuals’ behavior and interactions

Question 16

Elaborate code is a more ____________ form of language and communication.
-It is typically used by the ?
-Gives an unfair advantage because?

Answer 16

-complex

-middle class
-elaborate code is used in exams.

Question 17

Which standards are ascribed and achieved?
-Universalistic
-Particularistic

Answer 17

Particularistic = Ascribed
Universalistic = Achieved

Question 18

Meritocracy is a system in which individuals’ social and economic positions are primarily determined by?
rather than factors like?

Answer 18

-abilities and skills
-family background.

Question 19

Durkheim Criticisms:
-Oversimplification, —–> Some argue that it focuses too heavily on social _____________ while ignoring issues of ____________ and social change.
-

Answer 19

-stability/solidarity. -conflict.

Question 20

Davis and Moore – _______ allocation, Education allocates people to the most appropriate ___ for their talents

Answer 20

-role
-job

Question 21

Durkheim says that education passes on ______ and _________ in order to integrate individuals into society and helps to create social solidarity.

Answer 21

• norms and values

Question 22

Marxist view on education:
-reproduces _________________ in capitalist society. Those from higher social classes get access to better _____. Due to culture capital.

Answer 22

-inequalities
-jobs

Question 23

Althusser is important because he mentions the ?

Answer 23

hiddden cirriculum.

Question 24

Bowles and Gintis mentioned ?
-Also mentioned —-> the role of education school mirrors the ________________ and prepares children to fit easily into their future exploitation as part of the proletariat.

Answer 24

The myth of meritocracy.

workplace

Question 25

Ideological state apparatus

Answer 25

practices such as education and media which are used to promote the dominant ideology beliefs.

Question 26

The Halo Effect:

Answer 26

a bias thought where an individual may perceive someone positively in one way and may assume they have other positive traits even when there is no evidence.

Question 27

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy:

Answer 27

when a belief about behaviour leads individuals to act in ways that make the prediction come true.

Question 28

labelling

Answer 28

when people are given specific names or categories based on how others perceive them

Question 29

Evaluation of interactionalism.

Labelling theory has been accused of _______________. Assumes that pupils who are labelled have no choice but to _____ the prophecy.

Answer 29

-determinism
-fulfil / complete

Question 30

Banding is a practice in education where students of ______________ ability levels are grouped together in the same classroom. This approach aims to promote ____________ and reduce social ________________

Answer 30

-different

-diversity
-inequalities

Question 31

Students are placed into classes based on their academic ______________, allowing for more targeted instruction.

Answer 31

-abilities

Question 32

Educational Triage:
-This is when schools pay extra attention to students who can potentially meet the _____________.
-They invest more _______________ in students with moderate abilities to improve the school’s overall performance.

Answer 32

-standards
-resources

-

Question 33

-Schema’s are ______________ structures that help us ____________ information.
-They are based on ___________________ of how to behave in different situations.
-Schemas allow us to take ________________ when processing information, making it more manageable.
-However, schemas can also lead to ______, as they make us focus on information that confirms our preexisting __________.
-Schemas help fill in information gaps when we lack complete ______ about a person, event, or thing.
-They can lead to the development of _______________.

Answer 33

-cognitive -interpret
-expectations
-shortcuts

-bias
-beliefs
-data

-stereotypes