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Sociology > Mrs Lanzack > Flashcards

Mrs Lanzack Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Achieved Status

A

A social position or rank that an individual attains through their own efforts.
-Reflects a persons accomplishments.

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2
Q

Ascribed Status

A

A social position or rank that an individual is born into or assigned to.
Often based on family social background.

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3
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

The small but elite class which own the means of production.
They hold economic and social power.

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4
Q

Class Conflict

A

This refers to the tension, competition, or struggle between the Proletariat and the Bourgeoisie.
-Class conflict arises from disparities in wealth and power, this leads to inequality.

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5
Q

Class Consciousness:

A

When people in the same social class realise they have similar experiences. It can lead them to work together to address problems related to their class.

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6
Q

Communism

A

A social and economic system where there is no private ownership of resources or means of production.
Everything is collectively owned and shared, aiming for economic equality.

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7
Q

Capitalism

A

An economic system where resources and means of production are privately owned, leading to economic inequalities.

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8
Q

Culture

A

Whole set of ideas that a group of people share which are define how they live.

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9
Q

Customs

A

Things people do in a certain way because it’s been done like that for a long time in their group.
People are Accustom to this.

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10
Q

Determinism

A

When peoples actions are influenced by their society or their environment.
- It suggests that individuals have limited control over their actions

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11
Q

Deviance

A

Actions which are considered to be “wrong” in a society’s perspective.
-Goes against norms and values of a society.

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12
Q

Patriarchy

A

A social system where men hold more power and authority than women

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13
Q

Social Mobility:

A

The ability of individuals or groups to move up or down the social hierarchy, often in terms of economic or class status.

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14
Q

Interpretivism

A

A sociological approach that focuses on understanding people’s subjective experiences

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15
Q

Perspective

A

A particular way of looking at social happens.

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16
Q

Social Policy

A

Government actions designed to address social issues and improve the well-being of society.

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17
Q

Labelling

A

The process of attaching certain labels or stereotypes to individuals or groups based on their behaviors, appearance, or social background.

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18
Q

Positive Sanctions

A

Rewards given to encourage certain behaviors or actions.

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19
Q

Social Problem

A

An issue in society that is seen as harmful and in need of attention

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20
Q

Postmodernism

A

movement that challenges traditional social structures and norms.

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21
Q

Social Structure:

A

The organised structure of institutions in a society.

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22
Q

Laws

A

Official rules to maintain order and regulate behaviour

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23
Q

Proletariat

A

the working class who do not own the means of production.

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24
Q

Socialisation

A

The process through which individuals learn the values, norms, and behaviours of their culture or society.

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25
Q

Liberal Feminism

A

A feminist perspective advocating for equal rights and opportunities for women

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26
Q

Radical Feminism

A

A feminist perspective seeking to fundamentally change the existing social structure.

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27
Q

Life Chances

A

Opportunities that individuals have for achieving success

28
Q

Culture

A

The shared beliefs, values and customs of a particular group or society.

29
Q

Relations of Production

A

In Marxist theory, the social relationships that govern how goods and services are produced and distributed.

30
Q

Status

A

A person’s social position or rank in society

31
Q

Marxism

A

A sociological theory developed by Karl Marx that analyses class struggle and the role of capitalism in society.

32
Q

Role Conflict

A

situation where individuals experience tension or conflicts between the roles

33
Q

Structuralism

A

The way human behaviour shapes society

34
Q

Marxist Feminism

A

highlighting the intersection of class and gender inequalities

35
Q

Role Models

A

Individuals who are admired and imitated by others

36
Q

Roles

A

The expected behaviors from a specific social group

37
Q

Deviance

A

actions that go against societal norms and rules

38
Q

Surplus Value:

A

the extra value produced by workers that is taken by capitalists as profit.

39
Q

Dominant Ideology

A

The current set of ideas

40
Q

Means of Production

A

the resources and tools used in the production of goods

41
Q

Ruling Class

A

The social class that holds the most power in a society, often associated with ownership of resources

42
Q

Symbolic Interactionism

A

A perspective that focuses on how individuals use interactions to interpret meaning in their social interactions.

43
Q

Ethnicity

A

A person’s cultural or racial identity

44
Q

Metanarrative

A

explanation that attempts to make sense of all aspects of society.

45
Q

Ruling Class Ideology

A

The beliefs and values that benefit the interests of the ruling class

46
Q

False Consciousness

A

A concept where individuals hold beliefs that are against their best interests due to societal influences or misinformation

47
Q

Sanctions

A

Consequence

48
Q

Feminism

A

A social and political movement advocating for equal rights for women

49
Q

Middle Class

A

A social class typically characterised by moderate income

50
Q

Value Consensus

A

Shared understanding of values within a society.

51
Q

Functional Prerequisites

A

The basic functions that a society must fulfill to maintain stability

52
Q

Minority Ethnic Group

A

A group in society that is smaller in number and may experience social and economic disadvantages.

53
Q

Social Action Theory:

A

A sociological perspective that focuses on understanding the actions and intentions of individuals in their social context.

54
Q

Value Freedom

A

The idea that sociologists should remain objective and not let biases influence their research.

55
Q

Functionalism

A

A perspective that views society as a complex system with different parts working together to maintain stability and order.

56
Q

Social Class

A

A hierarchical division of society based on factors like income

57
Q

Values

A

Beliefs that influence individual and collective behaviour.

58
Q

New Right:

A

A political perspective that emphasises individualism, free market competition, and limited government intervention.

59
Q

Social Control

A

strategies used by society to influence individual behavior.

60
Q

Wealth

A

money and property, owned by an individual

61
Q

Identity

A

How individuals define themselves

62
Q

Norms

A

expectations for behaviour in a society

63
Q

Social Institution

A

structures in society that serve requiredfunctions

64
Q

Working Class

A

social class typically associated with manual labour and lower income.

65
Q

What are the theoretical perspectives on family policy in sociology?

A

Sociology (13 decks)

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