MRCPsychmentor Flashcards
WhoWho came up with the attenuation theory of selective attention?
Treisman’s attenuation model
- Rather than a filter there is an attenuator that weakens items
- Has a dictionary component whereby certain words require less to be for attention - e.g. names
Who came up with the concept of the sick role?
Talcott Parson’s
Proposed the sick role as temporary and medical form of deviant behaviour:
- The sick person is exempt from normal social roles
- The sickness is outside of their control
- The sick person must seek competent and technical help
- It is the duty of the sick person to get better - with the help of the doctor
Who came up with 5 stage power theory and outline it?
Raven and French (1959)
- Legitimate power - the power of an oranisation
- Expert power - the power that arises by having expert skills
- Reward power - the power that arises by being able to provide rewards
- Coercive power - the power that arises from manipulating people
- Referent power - the power that arises from being charismatic
Social power - the power to influence people
Outcome power - power to be able to give outcomes
Counterbalance power - power from the repressed against the elite
In Bion’s group theory what are the two types of group?
Working group - functioning well that get thing’s done
Basic assumption group - do not function well and are acting out primitive fantasy’s. The basic assumption group has a unconscious collective that protects them from painful anxiety.
What is social capital?
Features of social life, norms, networks and trust that allow groups to act more effectively together and achieve shared objectives:
- Structural component
- Cognitive component
What is pragnanz?
The law or symmetry and order associated with gestalt psychology (a central law) - here objects are perceived in a way that the stimulus is seen as simple as possible
What are Thomas and Chess’ three temperamental types of children?
They found 65% of children fit in one of these three mould
Easy child (40%) - regular, adaptable, approachable, mild reactivity, positive mood
Difficult child (10%) - polar opposite of easy child
Slow to warm up (15%) - moderate negative ideas to begin with however warm up
Describe Bion’s basic group assumptions?
- Dependency –> groups turn towards a leader to protect them from anxiety
- Fight or flight –> an internal or external source is found as the root of the problem. Once this is eliminated another gets created
- Pairing two members –> hostile or friendly provides the answer to the problem
Name a scale for suggestibility?
Gudjonsson suggestibility scale
Differentiate escape and avoidance conditioning?
Avoidance - the stimulus has not occurred yet and behaviour is done to prevent its onset
Escape/aversive - the stimulus is present and behaviour is done to terminate it
Otto Kernberg is a neo-freudian responsible for…
Transference focussed psychotherapy
Changing your behaviour as you are being observed is an indication of the?
Hawthorne effect
Does temporal conditioning involve a conditioned stimulus?
No
What can help differentiate depression from grief?
Is the guilt generalised
When is grief termed chronic?
After 6 months
Declaration of Lisbon is?
An international statement setting the rights of patients
What did Louis Thurstone argue?
That intelligence could not be measured by a single factor that 7 primary abilities make up intelligence these include:
- Word fluency
- Verbal comprehension
- Spatial visualization
- Number facility
- Associative memory
- Reasoning
- Perceptual speed
What is multiculuturalism that occurs without significant planning?
Laissez-Faire
Who came up with a 5 stage model of psychosocial development using age based rather than event based?
- Daniel Levinson:
Pre-adulthood stage (age 0 – 22)
Early adulthood stage (age 17 – 45)
Middle adult stage (age 40 – 65)
Late adulthood stage (age 60 – 85)
Late late adult stage (age 80 plus)
Each transition takes 5 years - midlife transition is between years 40-45
Which tanner stage does pubertal growth spurt occur in males?
Stages 3-4
For Females in occurs in stages 2-3
Which type of attachment is calmed equally well with mother and stranger?
Insecure avoidant
Is there a risk of Turner’s syndrome in successive pregnancies?
No
Random process can be due to maternal/paternal deletion
Treatment often with growth hormones
Features are short stature, webbed neck, hypothyroidism, broad chest, gonadal dysfunction (amenorrhoea and infertility), congenital cardiac dysfunction (occurs in a 1/3 of cases)
What is the mean age of onset for puberty in males and females?
Females 11 years, 8-14 years (range of onset)
Males 12 years, 9-14 years (range of onset)
What gene is affected in Rett’s syndrome?
MECP2 (Xq28)
In attachment theory what is the name given to the child’s perception of the external world came across by their attachments?
John Bowlby’s internal working model
How many standard deviations below the mean IQ would an individual be expected to have an intellectual disability
2
When does the Menarche occur in females?
Tanner stage IV
What is the epigenic principle in Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development?
That personality develops in a predetermined order built upon each previous stage
