MRA imaging

Question 1

An aortic arch root aneurysm is located:

Answer 1

In the ascending segment of the thoracic aorta

Question 2

The common carotid artery bifurcates into the internal and external carotid artery at the level of the:

Answer 2

: C3-4 disc space

Question 3

In order to acquire an intracranial venogram, a MR angiographic sequence would have a presaturation pulse applied in which location?

Answer 3

Inferior to slice group

Question 4

: In order to acquire an intracranial arterial blood flow sequence , a presaturation pulse would be applied in which location?

Answer 4

Superior to slice group

Question 5

Blood flow velocities are greater:

Answer 5

At the center of a vessel

Question 6

The ___________ supplies blood to the anterior brain

Answer 6

Internal carotid artery

Question 7

The __________ supplies blood to the face.

Answer 7

External carotid artery

Question 8

The ___________ supplies blood to the posterior brain

Answer 8

Vertebro-basilar artery

Question 9

The common carotid artery bifurcates into the internal and external carotid at the level of C5-6.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

In order to acquire an extracranial time-of-flight arterial MRA, a presaturation pulse would be applied in which location to saturate unwanted blood flow?

Answer 10

Superior to slice group, superior to brain stem

Question 11

All of the following arise from the aorta EXCEPT?

Answer 11

Right vertebral artery

Question 12

When utilizing time-of-flight (TOF) MRA to evaluate peripheral vascular flow, such as arterial blood flow in the legs, presaturation pulses are:

Answer 12

Positioned inferior to the slice group

Question 13

An extracranial MRA exam is defined as an MRA of the ____________?

Answer 13

Carotid arteries

Question 14

An intracranial MRA is defined as an MRA of the _______________?

Answer 14

Circle of willis

Question 15

: In time-of-flight (TOF) imaging targeted to the subclavian arteries, the two best imaging planes would be:

Answer 15

Axial and sagittal

Question 16

A major advantage of a 2D time of flight over a 3D time of flight sequence is the ability to:

Answer 16

Image larger areas without saturation of flowing blood

Question 17

A major advantage of a 3D time of flight over a 2D time of flight sequence is the ability to:

Answer 17

Visualize smaller vessels

Question 18

A 2D TOF MRA sequence would be selected to cover

Answer 18

A large area of vascular coverage

Question 19

A disadvantage of TOF MRA is high signal in some background tissues. To minimize signal from background tissues, TE should be selected that enable the signals from fat and water to be:

Answer 19

Out of phase

Question 20

MR angiography uses which kind of pulse sequence?

Answer 20

Gradient echo

Question 21

The degree of stenosis ___________ with time-of-flight MRA.

Answer 21

May be overestimated

Question 22

The __________ of blood is responsible for the bright blood signal in time of flight MR angiography.

Answer 22

Flow

Question 23

Phase contrast MRA techniques produce images in which the signal intensity within the vessel is dependent upon the:

Answer 23

Velocity of the flowing blood

Question 24

Contrast enhanced MRA differs from TOF (time of flight) MRA because:

Answer 24

All of the above

Question 25

Which of the following MR angiography techniques has a scan time short enough to complete an abdominal study in a single breath hold?

Answer 25

Contrast enhanced

Question 26

What is the second branch of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 26

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 27

The first major branch of the abdominal aorta is the _______.

Answer 27

Celiac artery

Question 28

In a contrast enhanced MR angiography of the abdominal arteries, the IV gadolinium would enhance in which order?

Answer 28

Celiac, superior mesenteric, renal, inferior mesenteric

Question 29

The common iliac veins join to form the:

Answer 29

Inferior vena cava

Question 30

In order to obtain a time of flight MRA of the IVC a presaturation band would be placed:

Answer 30

Superior

Question 31

To create a projection image in MRA, the technique most commonly used is:

Answer 31

MIP

Question 32

________ is defined as an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, usually congenital.

Answer 32

: An AVM

Question 33

The major bifurcation of the abdominal aorta is the

Answer 33

Right and left iliac arteries

Question 34

The vertebral arteries originate from the

Answer 34

Right and left subclavian arteries

Question 35

The optimal technique to visualize the circle of willis would be:

Answer 35

3D TOF

Question 36

When imaging a geriatric patient, while performing a PCA MRA sequence, what imaging parameter might the operator adjust?

Answer 36

VENC

Question 37

Flow before an area of stenosis is defined as

Answer 37

Laminar flow

Question 38

: In time-of-flight (TOF) imaging, areas of signal void can be seen on the image due to:
I. Turbulent flow
II. Vortex flow
III. Laminar flow

Answer 38

: I and II only

Question 39

A disease that is characterized by narrowing of the aorta is called an _____________.

Answer 39

Aortic coarctation

Question 40

The MRA technique that relies on velocity induced phase shifts to distinguish between moving and stationary protons is:

Answer 40

: Phase contrast