Movements

Question 1

Describe flexion of the wrist and which joints it occurs

Answer 1

action of bending your hand down at the wrist, so that your palm faces in toward your arm

60% movement at midcarpal joint
40% movement at radiocarpal joint

Question 2

Describe extension of the wrist and which joints it occurs

Answer 2

Action of bending hand backward, so that your palm is facing up

60% movement at radiocarpal joint
40% movement at midcarpal joints

Question 3

Describe radial deviation of the wrist and joint it occurs at

Answer 3

movement of bending the wrist to the thumb, or radial bone

Majority of movement at radiocarpal joint

Question 4

Describe ulna deviation of the wrist and which joints it occurs at

Answer 4

movement of bending the wrist to the little finger, or ulnar bone, side

Majority of movement at radiocarpal joint

Question 5

Describe pronation of forearm and the joints it occurs

Answer 5

from mid-prone (neutral) and 90 degrees elbow flexion:
When palmar surface of forearm and hand face down; when radius crosses the ulna

Occurs at radio-ulnar joints and humero-radial joint

At Humero-radial joint - superior articular surface of the radial head spins on the capitulum

At superior RUJ - articular surface on the side of radial head slides within radial notch of ulna and adjacent annular ligament

At inferior RUJ - ulnar notch of the radius slides anteromedially over the convex surface of the head of the ulna so distal radius becomes medial to the ulna

Question 6

State limiting factors of pronation of the forearm

Answer 6

Bony apposition of radius on Ulna

Tension in ligaments: Quadrate lig and dorsal radioulnar lig of distal RU jnt, Interosseous Membrane

Tension in antagonist :Supinator, biceps brachii

Question 7

Describe supination of the forearm and which joints it occurs

Answer 7

from mid-prone (neutral); 90 degrees elbow flexion & thumb facing up:

Radius is parallel to the fixed ulna, lying lateral to it at both the superior and inferior RUJ

Question 8

State limiting factors of supination of the forearm

Answer 8

tension in Pronator teres, pronator quadratus

Tension in ligaments: quadrate lig, palmer radioulnar lig of

Inferior RUJ, Interosseous Membrane

Question 9

State limiting factors of wrist flexion

Answer 9

Tension in Post radiocarpal lig + Post Joint capsule

Question 10

State limiting factors of wrist extension

Answer 10

Tension in Anterior radiocarpal lig + Anterior Joint capsule,
Bony apposition of radius + carpal bone

Question 11

State limiting factors of radial deviation of the wrist

Answer 11

tension in ulna collateral ligament

bony apposition - contact between radial styloid process and scaphoid

Question 12

State limiting factors of ulna deviation of the wrist

Answer 12

tension in radial collateral ligament

Question 13

State normal ROM of wrist flexion

Answer 13

85 degrees

Question 14

State normal ROM of wrist extension

Answer 14

85 degrees

Question 15

State normal ROM of radial deviation

Answer 15

15 degrees

Question 16

State normal ROM of ulna deviation

Answer 16

45 degrees

Question 17

State normal ROM of supination of forearm

Answer 17

90 degrees

Question 18

State normal ROM of pronation of wrist

Answer 18

80-90 degrees

Question 19

State close packed position of wrist

Answer 19

Full extension with radial deviation

Question 20

State factors of wrist stability

Answer 20

Relatively stable due to:

The many tendons crossing the joints (plus Pronator Quadratus)

Ligaments - anteriorly, posteriorly , medially and laterally

Radiocarpal, Intercarpal ligaments

Tendons bound by extensor and flexor retinaculum
○ Flexor retinaculum (anteriorly)
§ Considered by some as accessory ligament
§ Attaches to high points on pisiform and hamate, scaphoid and trapezium
§ Forms roof of carpal canal (tunnel)

Close Pack position: Extension with Radial deviation