Movement of Solutes and Water Across Cell Membranes

Question 1

What is facilitate diffusion driven by?

Answer 1

The concentration gradient of the solute

Question 2

Does facilitated diffusion need energy?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

What are the steps of FD?

Answer 3

1. there is a TP with an open binding site
2. a solute needs to move down its concentration gradient so it jumps onto the binding site
3. Once in the BS the TP opens towards the ICF and solute jumps off and diffuses towards the lower concentration

Question 4

What does Primary Active Transport do?

Answer 4

creates a concentration gradient

Question 5

What does “primary” stand for?

Answer 5

TP is powered by hydrolysis which is ATP to ADP

Question 6

What does “Active” stand for?

Answer 6

solute is moving against their concentration gradient

Question 7

True or False, the sodium potassiom pump regulates the concentrations in the ICF and ECF

Answer 7

False: only the ICF, the kidney regulates the concentrations in the ecf

Question 8

What are the concentrations of Na+ and K+ inside the cell

Answer 8

Na+ = 13
K+ = 150

Question 9

What are the concentrations of Na+ and K+ outside the cell

Answer 9

Na+ = 145
K+ = 5

Question 10

What is secondary actie transport

Answer 10

• energy is provided by an ions gradient
  -solute moving against gradiant
• energy is being used to move the solute

Question 11

What are the two flavors of SAT?

Answer 11

-same direction
-opposite directions

Question 12

TRUE OR FALSE; diffusion cannot saturate but mediate transport processes can?

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

What is osmosis?

Answer 13

net movement of water across a memnbrane

Question 14

How does water move across a membrane

Answer 14

through aquaporins

Question 15

What does higher aquaproins mean?

Answer 15

more solubility

Question 16

Does water diffuse to higher areas of concentration or lower areas?

Answer 16

higher

Question 17

What is tonicity?

Answer 17

a concentration of nonpenetrating solutes

Question 18

What does the concentration of nonpenetrating solutes do?

Answer 18

will cause the cell to either shirnk or swell

Question 19

Isotonic

Answer 19

no change in cell volume

Question 20

Hypertonic

Answer 20

cell will shrink, more solutes outside the cell

Question 21

Hypotonic

Answer 21

cell volume will swell, more solutes inside the cell

Question 22

Does endocytosis and exocytosis require energy?

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

what does endocytosis and exocytosis allow?

Answer 23

allows for bulk movement of macroscopic particles or large proteins into or out of the cell