Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Movement in and out of Cells > Flashcards

Movement in and out of Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up matter?

A

Particles (Atoms, molecules).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the properties of a solid?

A
  • Particles vibrate in fixed positions
  • Almost no Kinetic Energy
  • Packed tightly in a regular arrangement
  • Strong bonds
  • Constant shape, volume and mass.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the properties of a liquid?

A
  • Particles move past each other slowly
  • Some Kinetic Energy
  • Have an irregular arrangement
  • Weaker bonds than solids
  • Constant volume and mass but no fixed shape.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration (down a concentration gradient) until dynamic equilibrium is reached.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is dynamic equilibrium?

A

When particles are evenly spread out but still moving.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the properties of a gas?

A
  • Particles move quickly and randomly
  • A lot of Kinetic Energy
  • Have an irregular arrangement
  • Very weak bonds
  • Constant mass but no fixed volume or shape.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What states of matter does diffusion happen in?

A

Liquid and Gas because particles in a solid are not free to move.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What five factors affect the rate of diffusion?

A

Distance, Surface Area, Temperature, Concentration Gradient, Molecule Size.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does surface area affect the rate of diffusion?

A

The larger the surface area, the higher the rate of diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does distance affect the rate of diffusion?

A

The larger the distance needed to travel, the slower the rate of diffusion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?

A

The higher the temperature, the more energy the particles have, so they move faster and the rate of diffusion increases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does the concentration gradient affect the rate of diffusion?

A

The larger the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does molecule size affect the rate of diffusion?

A

The smaller molecules can diffuse more easily than the large molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Active Transport?

A

The movement of particles against their concentration gradient (low concentration to higher concentration). This requires ATP energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Large, insoluble molecules are broken into smaller, soluble molecules outside the cell so…

A

So they can diffuse through the cell membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Osmosis?

A

The net movement of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration through a partially permeable membrane.

14
Q

What is an example of Active Transport?

A

The uptake of glucose from the small intestine to the blood.

15
Q

What is ATP energy’s function?

A

It acts as the main energy carrier at a cellular level (in cells).

16
Q

What is an example of a partially permeable membrane typically used in experiments?

A

Visking tubing.

16
Q

What is a partially permeable membrane?

A

A membrane which allows small, uncharged molecules through, but not large, charged molecules (ions).

17
Q

What is it called when water leaves a cell because the water concentration inside the cytoplasm is higher than the water concentration outside the cell. (Salty solution)

A

Plants: The cell becomes plasmolyzed because the cell membrane detaches from the cell wall.
Animals: The cell becomes crenated.

18
Q

What is it called when water both enters and leaves the cell because the water concentration in the cytoplasm and surroundings are isotonic (the same).

A

Plants: The cell is flaccid.
Animals: The cell is normal because there is no net movement of water.

19
Q

What is it called when water enters the cell because the water concentration outside is higher than that in the cytoplasm. (Pure water)

A

Plants: The cell becomes turgid, and the membrane pushes towards the cell wall.
Animals: The cell becomes lyses, and could burst.

20
Q

Why don’t plant cells burst when they become turgid?

A

Plant cells don’t burst because they have a cell wall.

21
Q

Describe the Agar Jelly practical.

A
  • Collect 3 agar cubes of different sizes: 2cm, 1cm and 0.5 cm
  • Place all three cubes in the same beaker and cover with 20ml of 0.1 hydrochloric acid
  • Start the stopclock immediately
  • Time how long it takes for each cube to turn colourless.
22
Q

Describe the Osmosis in Potatoes practical.

A
  • Make 5 potato slices of potato, each of the same mass
  • Blot each on a tissue
  • Record the initial mass
  • Put each chip in a different test tube, and label the tubes 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5
  • Pour solution in every tube, covering the chip
  • Put distilled water in the 0 tube, and 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 sucrose solution in the others. making sure you put them in the correct tubes
  • Cover the tubes with cling film to prevent evaporation
  • Leave for 1 day
  • Remove the chips, blot dry with the tissue and record each final mass.

Biology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions