Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE Biology > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What are all living things made of?

A

Cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MRSGRENH

A

Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition, Homeostasis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do animal cells consist of?

A

Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Mitochondria, Ribosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do plant cells consist of?

A

Cell Wall, Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Vacuole, Cytoplasm, Chloroplasts (Chlorophyll), Mitochondria, Ribosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the Nucleus?

A

It contains the cell’s DNA and controls the cell’s characteristics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the Cytoplasm?

A

Where all the chemical reactions take place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the Cell Membrane?

A

Controls what enters and exits the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the Cell Wall?

A

Gives the cell its shape and supports the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the Vacuole?

A

Contains cell sap (stores water and minerals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the Chloroplasts?

A

Contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the Mitochondria?

A

Where aerobic respiration takes place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the Ribosomes?

A

Where protein synthesis takes place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Respiration equation

A

Glucose + Oxygen –> Carbon Dioxide + Water (+ENERGY)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O (+ENERGY)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

Carbon Dioxide + Water –> Glucose + Oxygen(+ENERGY)
6CO2 + 6H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2 (+ENERGY)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are Kingdoms?

A

All living things are classified into one of five Kingdoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are Kingdoms based on?

A

These groups are based on the similarities between the living things.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a Eukaryote?

A

An organism with a nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a Prokaryote?

A

An organism without a Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are features of Animals?

A
  • Multicellular
  • Have a nervous system
  • No cell wall (can change shape)
  • Store sugars as glycogen
  • No chloroplasts
  • EUKARYOTE
20
Q

What are features of Plants?

A
  • Multicellular
  • Cell wall made of Cellulose
  • Store sugars as starch
  • Contain chloroplasts (chlorophyll) for photosynthesis
  • EUKARYOTE
21
Q

What are features of Fungi?

A
  • Multicellular or Unicellular
  • Cell wall made of Chitin
  • Store sugars as glycogen
  • No chloroplasts
  • Feed saprotrophically
  • Made of hyphae (in a mycelium)
  • Reproduce using spores
  • EUKARYOTE
22
Q

What are features of Bacteria?

A
  • Unicellular
  • No nucleus, DNA is a single chromosome
  • Smaller than cells in other kingdoms
  • Contain plasmids (extra DNA)
  • Cell wall not made of cellulose (peptidoglycan)
  • Sometimes have a flagellum
  • Sometimes feed by photosynthesis but never contain chloroplasts
  • PROKARYOTE
23
Q

What are features of Protoctists?

A
  • Multicellular or Unicellular
  • Don’t fit in other kingdoms
  • Those similar to animals are called protozoa
  • Those similar to plants are called algae
  • Some have chloroplasts, others don’t
  • EUKARYOTE
24
Q

What is an example of a Fungi?

A
  • Yeast
  • Mucor
  • Mushroom
25
Q

What is an example of a Bacteria?

A
  • Pneumococcus
  • Lactobacillus
  • E.coli
  • Micrococcus
26
Q

What is an example of a Protoctist?

A
  • Amoeba
  • Plasmodium
27
Q

What is an example of a Virus?

A
  • Tobacco Mosaic Virus (plants)
  • Influenza (humans)
28
Q

What does a Fungi consist of?

A

Nucleus, Cell Wall, Vacuole, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane.

29
Q

What is a Microorganism?

A

An organism that is too small to be seen without a microscope.

30
Q

What are the three types of Microorganisms?

A

Fungi, Bacteria and Viruses.

31
Q

What does a Virus consist of?

A

DNA/RNA, Protein Coat, Envelope made from Host Cell (sometimes).

32
Q

What does Bacteria consist of?

A

Cell Wall, Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, DNA (one chromosome), Plasmid, Flagellum (sometimes).

33
Q

What are the features of a Virus?

A
  • Particles, not cells
  • Neither prokaryote nor eukaryote
  • All have a protein coat and one type of nucleic acid (DNA/RNA)
  • Parasites because they can only respire inside other cells
  • Cannot perform MRSGRENH (except respire)
  • No organelles
  • May have a envelope from their host cell
34
Q

What is an Organelle?

A

A part of a cell with a specific job (eg. mitochondria).

35
Q

What is a Cell?

A

The simplest unit of life that can be specialised to perform different tasks (eg. neurone).

36
Q

What is a Tissue?

A

A group of cells with a similar function (eg. skin).

37
Q

What are the three types of tissue?

A

Epithelial, Glandular, Muscular.

38
Q

What is an Organ?

A

A group of different tissues working together for a common purpose (eg. heart).

39
Q

What is an Organ System?

A

A group of different organs working together (eg. the digestive system).

40
Q

What is an Organism?

A

A living thing. This can be multicellular or unicellular (eg. human)

41
Q

What is a root hair cell specialised for and what are it’s special features?

A

To absorb water
Long and thin - large surface area.

42
Q

What is a neurone specialised for and what are it’s special features?

A

To carry electrical messages
Long, insulated, has branches.

43
Q

What is a red blood cell specialised for and what are it’s special features?

A

To carry oxygen
No nucleus, contains haemoglobin, biconcave shape.

44
Q

What is a ciliated cell cell specialised for and what are it’s special features?

A

To waft things along (eg. mucus)
Hair-like projections (cilia) on top surface.

45
Q

What does Saprotrophic Feeding mean?

A

When an organism digests their food externally.

GCSE Biology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions