Movement in and out of cells

Question 1

what is diffusion

Answer 1

the passive net movement of particles from a region where their concentration is higher to a region where their concentration is lower, down a concentration gradient, as a result of their random movement

Question 2

factors affecting diffusion increase

Answer 2

the temperature increases (due to an increase in kinetic energy)
the distance decreases
the surface area increases
the concentration gradient increases

Question 3

what is osmosis

Answer 3

the passive movement of water from a high to low concentration through a semi-permeable membrane

Question 4

is energy needed for osmosis, diffusion or active transport

Answer 4

only active transport

Question 5

what is the direction of osmosis, diffusion and active transport

Answer 5

osmosis + diffusion down, active transport against

Question 6

what molecules are moved in osmosis, diffusion and active transport respectively

Answer 6

water, gas, sugar

Question 7

what is active transport

Answer 7

movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient

Question 8

what is an isotonic solution

Answer 8

a solution in which there is the same concentration of water and sugar/salt

Question 9

what is a hypotonic solution

Answer 9

a solution in which there is too much water and too little sugar/salt

Question 10

what is a hypertonic solution

Answer 10

a solution in which there is too much sugar and little water

Question 11

what happens to the cell when placed in an isotonic solution

Answer 11

it is normal flaccid cell

Question 12

what happens to the cell when placed in an hypertonic solution

Answer 12

cytoplasm shrinks from cell wall = plasmolyzed (process in which cell looses water in a hypertonic solution due to osmosis

Question 13

what happens to the cell when places in hypotonic solution

Answer 13

it becomes tugid/bloated

Question 14

why is water important in digestion

Answer 14

water helps break down the food you eat, allowing its nutrients to be absorbed by your body

Question 15

how to test osmosis using dialysis tube

Answer 15

the dialysis tubing is a semipermeable membrane. Water molecules can pass through the membrane. The salt ions can not pass through the membrane.

Question 16

importance of active transport

Answer 16

to maintain the right concentrations of ions and molecules in living cells.