Movement Disorders/Functional Lobes

Question 1

Hemiballism

Answer 1

Hemiballism: brainstem disorder, discrete lesions of the subthalamic nucleus contralateral to symptoms

• Commonly form CVA of PCA
• Results in UNDERACTIVITY of indirect pathway, cannot TURN OFF movements
• Symptoms: wild unpatented, flinging movements of the entire UE

Question 2

Ataxia

Answer 2

Ataxia: incoordination of movements

causes: cerebellar disorders

Question 3

Intention Tremor

Answer 3

Intention Tremor: a tremor present during MOVEMENT.

Becomes WORSE with INTENDED actions.

Occurs with cerebellar disorders (neocerebellum)

Question 4

Chorea

Answer 4

Chorea:

characterized by brisk, graceful, sometimes complex voluntary movements affecting distal extremities and face.

NOT VOLUNTARY movements though. seen in huntington’s disease, damage to the striatum (caudate and putamen)

Question 5

Resting Tremor:

Answer 5

Resting Tremor: occurs when the limb is at REST. WORSENED by anxiety, contralateral limb use, and ambulation. Early sign of PD.

Question 6

Frontal Lobe

FUNCTIONAL ROLE

SIGNS

Answer 6

Frontal lobe

Functional Role

Output lobe (temperament, movement, coordination, motor planning

Signs

(+) hypermobility

(-) hypomobility

volatile/apathetic