Movement disorders Flashcards
Neurofibrillary tangles are seen in
alzheimers
Alzheimer’s chemical changes
↓ ACh
Neurofibrillary tangles are
intracellular, hyperphosphorylated tau protein
Physiologic tremors are?
anxiety, thyroid, caffeine
hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy is aka?
Charcot-Marie-Tooth
disease
Moderate form has cleft lip/palate, most severe
form results in cyclopia. Seen in Patau syndrome and fetal alcohol syndrome
Holoprosencephaly Failure of left and right hemispheres to separate; usually occurs during weeks 5–6.
Raphe nucleus makes
Serotonin
Locus ceruleus makes?
NorEpi
Nucleus accumbens makes?
GABA
Ventral tegmentum makes
Dopamine
Basal nucleus of Meynert makes
Acetylcholine
Pk chemicals
↑ AcH and serotonin
↓ Da
Hypothalamus does what?
The hypothalamus wears TAN HATS—
Thirst and water balance, Adenohypophysis control
(regulates anterior pituitary), Neurohypophysis releases hormones produced in the hypothalamus,
Hunger
Autonomic regulation, Temperature regulation, Sexual urges.
If you zap your ventromedial hypothalmus area, you ?
get fat in your MEDdle
If you zap your lateral hypothalmus area, you ?
shrink skinny
Limbic system does
Responsible for Feeding, Fleeing, Fighting, Feeling, and Sex….
What is 2nd line for essential treatment
primidone
benzos can too
Symptoms of altered activity
Mesocortical
↓ activity –> “negative” symptoms (flat affect)
*Dopaminergic
pathways
Mesolimbic- Symptoms of altered activity
↑ activity –> “positive” symptoms (eg, delusions,
hallucinations)
*Dopaminergic
pathways
Symptoms of altered activity
Tuberoinfundibular
if ↓
more prolacin,less sexy time and biggerboobs (or new boobs!)
Major dopaminergic pathway in brain.
Significantly affected by movement disorders
Nigrostriatal
Dystonia is?
Sustained, involuntary muscle contractions
composed of α-synuclein—intracellular eosinophilic inclusions
Lewy bodies
seen in Pk
wernike is in the____ lobe
temporal
Wernicke area in superior temporal
gyrus of temporal lobe.
Broca area in ____ of frontal lobe.
inferior frontal gyrus
Describe wernicke
Wernicke is Wordy but makes no sense.
Wernicke problems come in a CAN of beer
Confusion, Ataxia, Nystagmus
confusion, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia; memory loss
(anterograde and retrograde amnesia), confabulation, personality changes.
Intention tremor, limb ataxia, loss of balance
damage to cerebellum –> ipsilateral deficits;
fall toward side of lesion.
hemibasilus lesionlocation
Subthalamic nucleus
uncommon brain disorder that causes serious problems with walking, balance and eye movements.
supranuclear palsy
