Movement Disorders Flashcards
What is the aka for Movement disorder?
extra-pyramidal disorder
Movement disorders impair the regulation of what type of activity? Note, this does NOT directly affect strength or sensation.
voluntary motor
Name the 2 types of movement disorders.
- Hyperkinetic- heightened, uncontrollable involuntary
2. Hypokinetic- decreased function or mobility
What are is dysfunctional areas within movement disorders?
Deep subcortical grey matter termed Basal ganglia
Define the term tremor.
rhythmic repetitive involuntary movement
Name the 3 types of tremors?
- Postural- sustained posture
- intention- movements
- Resting (static)- limb at rest and decrease w/movement
a. Define Chorea
b. Its characterized by rapid irregular what?
a. abnormal involuntary movement
b. repetitive jerkings effecting limb and axial muscle
a. Is chorea hyper- or hypo- kinetic?
b. What conditions have the ability to cause chorea?
a. hyper
b. Huntington’s, Hyper-thyroidism, SLE and Encephalitis
What term is described as a unilateral violent explosive movement of proximal limbs. Hint this term is usually caused by vascular disorders.
Hemiballismus
What is the most common condition describes a time when people encounter while falling asleep (hypnic jerk)?
Myoclonus
note: usually affects face, oral cavity and limbs
The jerking affects on the diaphragm aka hiccups are what type of movement?
myoclonic jerk
A pt with Cerebellum ataxic gait feet and stance will be what?
Wide
a. Ataxic gait from the cerebellum will show kind of step. b. In which direction will the truck sway?
a. jerky, unsure, varied size
b. Forward
Ataxic sensory gait will appear normal w/eye _a__ but usually ‘_b__’ on the ground.
a. open
b. stomp
Upon examination a sensory ataxic gait reveals ___ Romberg’s test and impaired ___ sense.
positive
joint position
Legs are extended, toes forced downward, abduction and circumduction at the hip keeps toes from catching describes what type of gait?
Hemiplegic gate
Scissor-like posture is a product of what type of gait?
Hemiplegic gate
note is also has strong adduction at hips in paraplegia
A pt can have a normal appearing gait, mild weakness but shoe sole has what?
excessive wear on outer front part. note seen in hemiplegic gait
Which condition has a hard time initiating walking, leans forward, then hurries to catch up with short/shuffling steps.
Parkinsonian gait
LMN weakness of the pre-tibial and peroneal muscles produce this gait disorder
Steppage gait
Affected leg is lifted high allowing toes to clear the ground. When bilateral, resembles a high stepping horse.
Steppage gait
What gait type is called waddling and characteristic of muscle disease? The trunk and pelvic weakness results in ___ fixation while walking.
myopathic
Sway back, potbellied
What’s the ave onset age for Parkinson dz?
50-60 yrs old mc in Males
Parkinson’’s is d/t the death of dopamine-generating cells in the what part of the midbrain?
substantial nigra
