Movement Analysis & Data Flashcards
Define what a plane and what an axis is
Plane =Refers to how movements occurs at a joint along a certain direction.
Axis=Refers to how movement occurs around the joint.
What phrase can you use to recall and match the planes with the correct axes?
Plane Axis
Some Times
Fun Starts
Too Late
Or
Plane Axis
Simple Tom
Fell Slightly
Too Late
Saggital plane———- Transverse Axis
Frontal plane———— Saggital axis
Transverse Plane ——- Longitudinal axis
Identify the Plane and Axis for the two movements in this image {2 marks}
*Remember to pretend you’re performing the movement so you make the right decision
Plane= Frontal
Axis= Sagittal
Both movements are to the left or to the right which is along the Frontal plane
Identify the Plane and Axis for the movementin this image {2 marks}
*Remember you can pretend to perfom the movement to help you identify the correct Plane
Plane= Sagittal
Axis= Transverse
Identify the Plane and Axis for the two movements in this image {2 marks}
*Remember you can pretend to perform the movement to help you identify the correct Plane
Plane= Transverse
Axis= Longitudinal
Because the athlete is spinning it is along the transverse plane!
Identify the Plane and Axis when the arm bends at the elbow {2 marks}
*Remember to pretend you’re performing the movement so you make the right decision
Plane= Sagittal
Axis= Transverse
*READ THE QUESTION, and focus on the image! it specifies at the elbow which starts in the Frontal plane and then moves into the Sagittal plane.
Describe the movement that occurs in the Sagittal, Frontal and Transverse planes.
Also provide a sporting example for each
Sagittal- forwards and backwards movements.
Example 1= Running Example 2= Forward roll Example 3= Somersault
Frontal- side to side movements.
Example 1= Cartwheels Example 2= A GK diving Example 3= A sidestep
Transverse-Rotational or turning movements
Example 1= Ice skater performing a 360 degree twist/spin.
Example 2= A Hammer or Discus Thrower rotating in the circle
What acronym should you use to recall the different types of movement?
Can you name the eight different types of movement?
FEARPAD C
Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Rotation, Plantarflexion, Adduction, Dorsiflexion,Circumduction
If you know all of the movements, then you can work out the correct one through the process of elimination
Define Flexion and give a sporting example
Define Extension and give a sporting example
Flexion= Decrease in the angle of bones at a joint
Example 1- Upward phase of bicep curl
Example 2- Bring the foot towards the Gluteals before kicking a ball
Extension=Increase in the angle of bones at a joint
Example 1- Downward phase of bicep curl
Example 2- Bringingthe tibia forwardwhen kicking a ball
Define Abduction and give a sporting example
Define Adduction and give a sporting example
Abduction= Movement of a bone away from the midline of the body.
Example 1- Outward phase of the breaststroke
Example 2- Outward phase of a star jump
Adduction= Movement of a bone towards the midline of the body.
Example 1- Inward phase of the breaststroke
Example 2-Inward phase of a star jump
I strongly recommend the breaststroke example
Define Rotation and give a sporting example
Define Circumduction and give a sporting example
Rotation- Movement around an axis
Example 1- A gymnastperforming a Somersault
Example 2- A gymnast performing a Handspring
Circumduction- Movement around a joint, which occurs in more than one plane
Example 1-Performing a serve in tennis
Example 2-Bowling a cricket ball
Example 3- Backstroke swimming
Define Plantarflexion and give a sporting example
Define Dorsiflexion and give a sporting example
Plantar flexion= Points the toes downwards and increases the angle at the ankle joint
Example 1- A sprinter’s ankle when driving out of the blocks
Dorsiflexion=Points the toes upwards and decreases the angle at the ankle joint
Example 1- A footballer pointing there toes upwards to control a pass
Identifythe movements to this athlete at the Ankle, Knee, Elbow and Shoulder
1= Dorsiflexion 2=Plantarflexion
3= Extension 4=Flexion
5= Abduction 6=Extension
Identifythe movements to this athlete at the Ankle, Knee,Hip and Elbow
1= Plantarflexion 2=Dorsiflexion
3=Extension 4=Flexion
5=Flexion 6=Extension
7=Flexion
Identifythe movements to this athlete at the Ankle, Knee,Hip and Elbow
1= Plantarflexion 2= Extension
3= Extension 4= Abduction
5= Extension
Fill in the blanks for Position A (downward phase) forthe following image, thearrow identifies the joint
Joint-
Type of joint-
Type of movement-
Articulating bones-
Agonist Muscle-
Muscle contraction-
Remember you can flip the card to see the question
Joint- Knee
Type of joint- Hinge
Type of movement- Flexion
Articulating bones- Femur, Tibia and Fibula
Agonist Muscle- Quadriceps
Muscle contraction- Eccentric
Fill in the blanks for the downward phasePosition A-B, arrow identifies the joint
Joint-
Type of joint-
Type of movement-
Articulating bones-
Agonist Muscle-
Muscle contraction-
Remember you can flip this card to see the question
Joint- Elbow
Type of joint- Hinge
Type of movement-Flexion
Articulating bones-Humerus, Radius and Ulna
Agonist Muscle-Tricep
Muscle contraction-Eccentric
1) identify the type of movement at the hip joint from position A to position B
2)identify the agonist muscleat the hip joint from position A to position B
3) Identify the type of movement at the hip joint from position B to position C
Remember you can flip the card to see the question
1= Flexion
2= Hip flexor
3= Extension
Fill in the blanks for the image focusing on Phase 2
Joint-
Type of joint-
Type of movement-
Articulating bones-
Agonist Muscle-
Muscle contraction-
Fill in the blanks for the image focusing on Phase 2
Joint- Elbow
Type of joint- Hinge
Type of movement-Extension
Articulating bones- Humerus, Radius and Ulna
Agonist Muscle- Triceps
Muscle contraction- Concentric
Fill in the blanks for the image, arrow identifies the joint
Joint-
Type of joint-
Type of movement-
Articulating bones-
Agonist Muscle-
Muscle contraction-
Fill in the blanks for the image
Joint- Shoulder
Type of joint- Ball and Socket
Type of movement- Abduction
Articulating bones- Humerus, Clavicle and Scapula
Agonist Muscle- Deltoid
Muscle contraction- Concentric
- What rhyme should you sing when asked to identify what type of Lever is being used.
- Also, name the three parts of a lever
Remember the Insertion point on the bone dictates where the effort arm is!
1, 2, 3 Think F, L, E
The part that is in the middle identifies the type of lever, e.g if the Effort is in the middle it is a third class lever.
Third class lever
Fulcrum is the elbow joint
Load is the racquet
Effort is the tricep and bicep which attaches to the ulna bone, below the elbow joint
1,2,3 think FLE
What shapes represent the different parts of a lever?
Fulcrum= Triangle
Effort= Arrow (facing the direction of movement)
Load= Square
How do you draw a 1st class, 2nd class and 3rd class lever?
*You organise the parts of the lever as they’re shown in the image.
* The direction of the Effort arrow changes depening on the direction of movement
For example, the upward phase of a Bicep curl is a third class lever. The Load is the dumbbell which is on the right, the Effort is the bicep in the middle and the Fulcrum is the elbow on the left.
Identify the class of lever used at the ankle as shown in Figure 3.
2nd class lever
(The ankle is always a second class lever)
Using Figure 2, identify the lever system working at the elbow during the upward
phase (B to A) of the push-up.
First class lever
Question 1 is the picture
Q1) The formula for mechanical advantage is
B
Explain why the lever in Figure 3 has a low mechanical advantage.
[2 marks]
- Effort arm is shorter than the load arm, in proximity to the Fulcrum(1)
- MA = Effort arm divided by resistance arm or load (1)
- Third class levers allow joints to move very quickly over a large range of movement, as large muscle groups tend to be used(1)
- Third class levers have a mechanical advantage of less than one (1)
Accept any other suitable explanation why a third class lever has a low mechanical advantage.
Explain why a second class lever has a high mechanical advantage 3 marks]
- MA = Effort arm divided by resistance arm or load (1)
** Load arm is shorter than the effort arm, in proximity to the Fulcrum (1)
- Second class levers allow for greater levels of force to be generated, as they can move a large load with little effort(1)
