movement analysis Flashcards
what is the sagittal plane
vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sides
what movements take place in the sagittal plane
- up and down
- flexion and extension
what is the frontal plane
vertical plane but divides the body into front and back
what movements take place in the frontal plane
- sideways
- abduction and adduction
what is the transverse plane
horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower halves
what movements take place in the transverse plane
rotational (twisting)
e.g bowling in cricket
what is the longitudinal axis
The longitudinal axis runs through the body vertically from the top to bottom
what is the transverse axis
The transverse axis runs through the body horizontally from the left to right
what is the frontal axis
The frontal axis runs through the body horizontally from the back to front .
what is the fulcrum
This is the point of movement, generally at the centre of a joint
what is a load
This is the body’s weight or an external object (e.g a bat or racquet). This will move as a result of the effort on the lever
what is an effort
This is the muscular force that moves the load
what is the first class lever
The fulcrum is between the effort and the load
sporting example of first class lever (high jump)
A high jumper moving their head backwards to cleat the bar and see the mat
what is the second class lever
the fulcrum is at one end of the lever
the load is in the middle of the lever
the effort is at the opposite end if the lever to the fulcrum
sporting examples of second class lever (swimming)
plantarflexion at the ankle when pushing off the wall after a tumble turn in swimming
what is the third class lever
the fulcrum is at one end of the lever
the effort is in the middle of the lever
the load is at the opposite end of the lever to the fulcrum
they are the most common lever in the body
sporting example of third class lever (javelin)
a javelin thrower, as they bring their arm through to release the javelin
which lever system has a mechanical advantage - why?
second class lever has the mechanical advantage as it has the ability to move a large load with a small effort due to the effort arm being further from the fulcrum and longer than that of the load arm
