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BDS2 - prosthetics > mouth preparation and master impressions > Flashcards

mouth preparation and master impressions Flashcards

1
Q

how many stages are in restorative treatment plan

A

4

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2
Q

what are try 4 stages in restorative treatment plan

A
  • immediate treatment = do something on the day to fix the problem the asses and make a plan
  • hygienic (preparatory) phase = establish health, periodontal disease, diet, smoking
  • corrective (reconstructive) phase = RPD
  • maintenance = key stage, patients need to be seen regularly
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3
Q

what is the corrective phase

A
  • RPD fits in here

- how to prepare mouth for master impression

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4
Q

what are the clinical stages of partial denture construction

A
  • primary impressions = important to have a model at the beginning to help plan treatment
  • primary jaw registration (if required) = record blocks made , only do if patient doesn’t have enough teeth to naturally find occlusion in casts
  • mounted, surveyed study casts = helps determine useful undercuts and best path of insertion
  • design denture
  • tooth prep and master impressions = tooth prep must be minimal so that it doesn’t affect bite without denture
  • jaw registration
  • trial
  • delivery
  • review
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5
Q

what are the stages in mouth preparation

A
  • initial prosthetic treatment
  • pre-prosthetic surgery
  • periodontal treatment
  • orthodontic treatment
  • fixed prosthodontics treatment and endodontics
  • tooth preparation
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6
Q

what is done within initial prosthetic treatment

A
  • repairs and additions
  • give new temporary denture immediately = won’t have loads of microbes
  • temporary relines = not a long term solution but sued to calm things down, used for no more than 2 weeks or else will do more mucosa damage
  • occlusal adjustments = add GI to occlusal surfaces to the height you want it to be to establish occlusion
  • treatment of denture stomatitis
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7
Q

what is done for pre prosthetic surgery

A
  • take peri-apical radiographs to deal with any disease before denture
  • remove any retained roots or unerupted teeth
  • improves contours of edentulous areas by reducing bony prominences and hyper plastic soft tissue = bony prominences on the palate are difficult with dentures as can only use certain connector shapes so try and maintain these patients OH so they don’t need dentures
  • eliminate prominent fraternal attachments
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8
Q

what is done for periodontal treatment

A
  • key thing is to maintain patients OH through life
  • establish health in periodontal tissues
  • assess patients motivation = affects treatment plan
  • detailed instruction in oral hygiene procedures
  • scaling and root planing = use LA for sub-gingival scaling
  • periodontal surgery
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9
Q

what is done for orthodontic treatment

A
  • used for tilted/tipped teeth
  • done to optimise space = open or close spaces for treatment
  • to optimise abutment alignment
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10
Q

what is done for fixed prosthodontics treatment and endodontics

A
  • may need to deal with at the beginning or later in treatment plan, but it needs to be dealt with at some point
  • should follow denture design and precede denture construction
  • establishes clinical integrity of teeth before master impressions recorded
  • facilities provision of crowns with guide planes, rest seats etc = can use crowns in design, makes everything more stable and puts load down the long axis of the tooth
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11
Q

what is done for tooth preparation

A
  • prepare teeth minimally to take master impressions with these preparations
  • why? = to avoid interference of denture components with denture balance
  • provides rest seats
  • establishes guide surfaces
  • modify unfavourable survey lines
  • can create retentive areas
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12
Q

what is tooth preparations usually done with

A
  • slow speed
  • only need a small depression in the enamel
  • rotary diamond instruments are used to shape the enamel surface
  • special burs, stones and abrasive-impregnated rubber wheels and points are used to smooth and polish the resultant roughened enamel surface
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13
Q

what are rest seats for

A
  • want to direct the load down the long axis of the tooth which is done through rest seats
  • produce favourable tooth surface for support
  • prevent interference with occlusion
  • reduce prominence of the rest
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14
Q

how are rest seats on the anterior maxillary teeth prepared

A
  • a well developed cingulum allows preparation to stay within in enamel
  • use a cylindrical diamond stone with a rounded tip
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15
Q

how are rest seats on the anterior mandibular teeth prepared

A
  • harder to do
  • lingual surface too vertical and cingulum to poorly developed to avoid penetrating the enamel
  • incisal rests are used instead
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16
Q

what alternatives are used for incisal rests

A
  • these aren’t aesthetic so alternatives used
  • produce a rest seat in composite applied to cingulum area
  • bond a cast metal cingulum to tooth
17
Q

how are rest seats on the posterior teeth prepared

A
  • bit easier
  • reduce marginal ridge
  • rests should be saucer shaped to allow some horizontal movement and dissipation of occlusal forces
  • rest seat should be deep enough to allow a rest of at least 1mm thick = otherwise too bendy and flexible
  • if there is no space occlusally for a clasp to extend buccallly form the occlusal rest, the preparation must be extended as a channel onto the buccal surface
18
Q

how far must a clasp be from the minor connector

A
  • at least 3mm gingivallly away from minor connector to prevent a food trap
19
Q

what are guide planes

A
  • they are 2 or more parallel axial surfaces on abutment teeth, which limit the path of insertion
  • they may occur naturally, but more often need to be prepared = get rid of bother bits on teeth to have one path of insertion to make it easier, minimal prep
20
Q

what do guide planes provide

A
  • increased stability
  • reciprocation
  • prevention of clasp deformation
  • improved appearance
21
Q

how are guide planes prepared

A
  • tooth surfaces prepared to be parallel to each other and the path of insertion
  • guide surface should extend vertically 3mm but be kept as far from the gingival margin as possible
  • no more than 0.5mm enamel should be removed
22
Q

why are unfavourable survey lines modified

A
  • clasps would be positioned too close to occlusal surface and cause occlusal interference
  • get deformation of clasps
23
Q

how are retentive areas prepared

A
  • can be created by addition of acid-etched composite
  • need a broad area of attachment of restoration to the enamel
  • use ultra fine or hybrid composite
  • always try and follow the natural anatomy when adding anything
24
Q

how can crowns help with tooth wear

A
  • see more and more people with tooth wear nowadays
  • crowns can help establish new vertical dimensions to fit denture teeth in
  • takes a lot of planning
25
Q

what is involved in the clinical stage of master impressions

A
  • obtain an accurate impression of the denture bearing area
  • use an individual that = special tray
  • use an appropriate impression material = different to normal
26
Q

what is involved in the laboratory stage of master impressions

A
  • produce casts = 2 if cobalt chrome base, one in dental stone and one in improved stone
  • produce record blocks
  • produce trial denture
  • produce finished denture
27
Q

how are individual trays made and used

A
  • made on primary casts from heat cured or light cured acrylic
  • tried in mouth
  • adjusted using green stick
28
Q

how is the green stick used

A
  • use green stick which heats over bunsen burner
  • apply to tray in needed areas then put in patients mouth when still soft then remove and apply adhesive to it and the tray and then take the master impression
29
Q

what are the impression materials

A
  • alginate
  • polyvinylsiloxane = Extrude (medium body)
  • polyether = Pentamix
  • (plus the correct adhesive, different materials have different adhesive)
30
Q

what must you use on patients with beards or moustaches when taking impressions

A
  • apply vaseline to the beard or moustache as otherwise the impression material will stick to it
31
Q

what must be done after taking impressions

A
  • write up the laboratory card

BDS2 - prosthetics (10 decks)

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