MOUNTAIN FORMATION Flashcards
a series of geological processes of mountain building
orogenesis
how are mountains and mountain ranges created?
they form from either the COLLISSION of two continental crusts
or the SUBDUCTION of an oceanic crust OVER a continental crush
a _ is a mass of land that rises more than 600 meters above the surrounding land
mountain
explains the tendency of earth’s lighter crust to achieve balance as though it is floating on the denser, underlying mantle
isostasy
this is a wavelike deformation that occurs when an originally flat surface or strata is bent
fold
a _ is any fracture in the crust along where a significant displacement has occurred
fault
_ takes place when rocks are stretched like a rubber band
elastic deformation
what is the compression of tectonic plates called
folding
_ is an example of fold mountain
himalayas
what is the tallest mountain in luzon
mt pulag
upward fold is
anticline
downward fold is
syncline
rocks may also be deformed in a process called -
faulting
whatre the three types of fault
normal fault
strike-slip fault
reverse fault
_ have hanging walls that move DOWN relative to the footwall
normal fault
_ are also called thrust faults, occur when the hanging wall moves UP relative to the footwall
reverse fault
_ occurs when the dominant displaement occurs along the strike of the fault, thus its name
strike slip fualt
property exhibited by rocks when theyre stretched without breaking
elastic deformation
_ are sites of moving crustal plates that are destroyed as they plunge into the mantle
trenches
what type of fault occurs when the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall
reverse fault
wwhat type of stress produces reverse faults
compression
what does the philipiine fault do to rocks
it takes the energy out of the rocks
what type of force changes the size and shape of rocks
stress
the theory of isostasy explains that
earth’s crust seems to be in a state of balance
most mountains form along or near the edges of the _
earth’s lithospheric plate
