Motor Testing + MRS Flashcards
What is the muscle action of the deltoid m.?
shoulder abduction
What is the major nerve root and other nerve root of deltoid m.?
major: C5
other: C6
What is the muscle action of lats?
shoulder adduction
What are the nerve roots of lats?
C6-C8
What nerve innervates lats?
thoracodorsal n.
What is the muscle action of the traps?
shoulder elevation
What is the motor nerve root of traps/ major nerve root?
CN XI
What is the sensory nerve root of traps?
C3/C4
What is the muscle action of SCM?
ipsilateral LF and contralateral rotation
What is the motor nerve root/ major nerve root of SCM?
CN XI
What is the sensory nerve root of SCM?
C3/C4
What is the muscle action of levator scapulae?
elevation of scapula
What are the nerve roots of levator scapulae?
C3-C5
What nerve innervates levator scapulae?
dorsal scapular n.
What is the muscle action of rhomboid major and minor?
retraction and elevation of scapula
What are the nerve roots of rhomboid major and minor?
C4/C5
What nerve innervates rhomboid major and minor?
dorsal scapular
What is the muscle action of serratus anterior?
protraction of scapula
What are the nerve roots of serratus anterior?
C5-C7
What nerve innervates serratus anterior?
long thoracic n.
Damage to which nerve would cause winged scapula?
long thoracic n.
What is the muscle action of supraspinatus?
shoulder abduction and stabilize humerus
What is the major nerve root and other nerve roots of supraspinatus?
major: C4
others: C5/C6
What nerve innervates supraspinatus?
suprascapular n.
What is the muscle action of the biceps m.?
elbow flexion
What is the major nerve root and other nerve root of biceps?
major: C5
other: C6
What is the muscle action of brachioradialis?
elbow flexion (hammer curl)
What is the major nerve root and other nerve root of brachioradialis?
major: C6
other: C5
What nerve innervates brachioradialis?
radial n.
What is the muscle action of the triceps m.?
elbow extension
What is the major nerve root and other nerve roots of triceps?
major: C7
others: C6 and C8
What is the muscle action of the iliopsoas m.?
hip flexion
Which nerve innervates the deltoid m.?
axillary n.
Which nerve innervates the biceps m.?
musculocutaneous n.
Which nerve innervates the triceps m.?
radial n.
Which nerve innervates palmar and dorsal interossei?
ulnar n.
Which nerve innervates iliopsoas?
femoral n.
What is the muscle action of the gastrocnemius m.?
ankle plantarflexion
What nerve innervates the gastrocnemius?
tibial n.
What is the muscle action of the fibularis longus and brevis?
ankle eversion
What nerve innervates fibularis longus and brevis?
superficial fibular n.
What is the muscle action of tibialis anterior?
ankle inversion and dorsiflexion
What nerve innervates tibialis anterior?
deep fibular n.
What is the muscle action of tibialis posterior?
ankle inversion and plantarflexion
What nerve innervates tibialis posterior?
tibial n.
What is the muscle action of flexor carpi radialis?
flexes and ABDUCTS wrist
Which nerve innervates flexor carpi radialis?
median n.
What is the muscle action of flexor carpi ulnaris?
flexes and ADDUCTS wrist
Which nerve innervates flexor carpi ulnaris?
ulnar n.
What is the muscle action of palmaris longus?
flexes wrist
What nerve innervates palmaris longus?
median n.
What is the muscle action of extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, and extensor carpi ulnaris?
wrist extension
What nerve innervates extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, and extensor carpi ulnaris?
radial n.
Which nerve innervates finger extensors?
radial n.
Which nerve innervates finger flexors?
median and ulnar n.
What is the muscle action of flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, and palmaris longus?
wrist flexion
What is the major nerve root and other nerve roots of flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, and palmaris longus?
major: C7
others: C6 and C8
What nerves innervate flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, and palmaris longus?
median and ulnar n.
What is the major nerve root and other nerve roots of extensor carpi radialis longus/ brevis, and extensor carpi ulnaris?
major: C6
others: C7/C8
What are the muscle actions of palmar and dorsal interossei?
finger abduction and adduction
What is the major nerve root and other nerve root of palmar and dorsal interossei?
major: T1
other: C8
What is the muscle action of gluteus medius/minimus?
hip abduction
What are the major nerve roots and other nerve root of gluteus medius/minimus?
major: L4/L5
other: S1
What nerve innervates gluteus medius/minimus?
superior gluteal n.
What is the muscle action of hip adductors?
hip adduction
What are the major nerve roots and other nerve root of hip adductors?
major: L2/L3
other: L4
What nerve innervates the hip adductors?
obturator n.
What are the major nerve roots and other nerve roots of iliopsoas?
major: L1/L2
other: L3/L4
What is the muscle action of gluteus maximus?
hip extension
What are the nerve roots of gluteus maximus?
L4-S2
What nerve innervates gluteus maximus?
inferior gluteal n.
What is the muscle action of quadriceps?
knee extension
What are the major nerve roots and other nerve root of quadriceps?
major: L3/L4
other: L2
What nerve innervates quadriceps?
femoral n.
What is the muscle action of hamstrings?
knee flexion
What is the major nerve root and other nerve roots for hamstrings?
major: S1
others: L5 and S2
What nerve innervates hamstrings?
sciatic n.
What is the muscle action of extensor hallucis longus/brevis?
dorsiflexion
What is the major nerve root and other nerve roots of extensor hallucis longus/brevis?
major: L5
other: L4 and S1
What nerve innervates extensor hallucis longus/brevis?
deep fibular n.
What is the major nerve root and other nerve roots of gastrocnemius?
major: S1
others: L5 and S2
What is the major nerve root and other nerve roots of fibularis longus/brevis?
major: S1
others: L4/L5
What is the major nerve root and other nerve roots of tibialis anterior?
major: L4
others: L5/S1
What are the nerve roots of tibialis posterior?
L5/S1
What are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff?
1) supraspinatus
2) infraspinatus
3) teres minor
4) subscapularis
Which muscle originates from the supraspinous fossa of scapula?
supraspinatus
Which muscle inserts to the superior aspect of the greater tubercle of the humerus?
supraspinatus
Which muscles originate from the medial epicondyle of the humerus?
1) flexor carpi radialis
2) flexor carpi ulnaris
3) palmaris longus
Which muscle inserts at the base of the 2nd or 3rd metacarpal?
flexor carpi radialis
Which muscle inserts at the pisiform, hook of hamate, and 5th metacarpal?
flexor carpi ulnaris
Which muscle inserts at the distal half of the flexor retinaculum and into the palmar aponeurosis?
palmaris longus
Which muscle is absent in some people?
palmaris longus
Which muscle is used as a tendon transfer?
palmaris longus
Which muscle originates at the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus?
extensor carpi radialis longus
Which muscle inserts at the base of the 2nd metacarpal (dorsal)?
extensor carpi radialis longus
Which muscles originate at the lateral epicondyle of humerus?
extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor carpi ulnaris
Which muscle inserts at the base of the 3rd metacarpal (dorsal)?
extensor carpi radialis brevis
What muscle inserts at the base of the 5th metacarpal (dorsal)?
extensor carpi ulnaris
What are the 3 primary hip abductors?
1) gluteus minimus
2) gluteus medius
3) tensor fasciae latae
What are the 2 secondary hip abductors?
1) sartorius
2) piriformis
What are the 5 hip adductors?
1) adductor magnus
2) adductor longus
3) adductor brevis
4) pectineus
5) gracilis
Which adductor muscle is the largest and deepest?
adductor magnus
To test C5 nerve root, what muscles are involved? What is the motor test and reflex? What is the sensory part?
-deltoid and biceps
-deltoid= shoulder abduction
-biceps= elbow flexion
-biceps reflex
-sensory: lateral shoulder and arm
To test C6 nerve root, what muscle is involved? What is the motor test and reflex? What is the sensory part?
-brachioradialis
-wrist extension
-brachioradialis reflex
-sensory: lateral forearm, thumb, and 1st finger
To test C7 nerve root, what muscle is involved? What is the motor test and reflex? What is the sensory part?
-triceps
-elbow extension
-wrist flexion
-finger extension at MCP joint
-triceps reflex
-sensory: MCP to tip of middle finger
To test C8 nerve root, what is the motor test? What is the sensory part?
-finger flexion
-sensory: ring finger, pinkie, medial forearm
To test T1 nerve root, what is the motor test? What is the sensory part?
-finger abduction and adduction
-sensory: medial arm to axila, rib 1/2
To test L1-L3 nerve root, what is the muscle involved and motor test?
-iliopsoas
-hip flexion
To test L4 nerve root, what are the muscles involved? What are the motor tests? What is the reflex? What is the sensory part?
-quads, tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior
-quads= knee extension
-ankle inversion= tibialis anterior and posterior
-patellar reflex
-sensory: anterior medial lower leg, medial side of foot
To test L5 nerve root, what is the motor test and reflex? What is the sensory part?
-dorsiflexion (big toe extension)
-medial hamstring reflex
-sensory: anterior lateral lower leg, dorsum of foot
To test S1 nerve root, what is the motor test and reflex? What is the sensory part?
-plantarflexion and ankle eversion
-Achilles reflex
-sensory: posterior lateral lower leg, lateral side of foot
To test S2 nerve root, what is the sensory part?
posterior medial lower leg and bottom of foot
