Conditions Flashcards
Age related wear/tear of spine on vertebrae and discs
spondylosis
What is the fancy word for DJD?
spondylosis
sprain=
ligament
strain=
muscle
What does SOL stand for?
space occupying lesion/ “shit out of luck”
What is intrathecal pressure?
pressure of the CSF in the arachnoid membrane/space around the spinal cord and brain
What is the mnemonic for SOL?
DSOFT
D= disc defect/herniation
S= spondylolisthesis
O= osteophyte
F= fracture
T= tumor
What is cervical myelopathy?
narrowing of the cervical spinal canal due to
1) osteophytes
2) central disc herniation
3) tumor
4) meningitis
5) MS
What are the 4 causes of TOS?
test q
1) cervical rib
2) tight scalenes especially anterior and middle
3) costoclavicular syndrome
4) pec minor syndrome
TOS is compression of what?
nerves or blood vessels
________________ gait is a hip sway while walking and can be unilateral or bilateral
Trendelenburg
What causes gluteus medius and minimus weakness?
-LCPD
-polio
-muscular dystrophy
-coxa vara
-otto pelvis
-epiphyseal seperation
-coxa ankyloses
-dislocation
-seperation
-fracture
What is this?
-nausea and vomiting
-fever
-severe headache and stiff neck
-muscle pain
-sensitivity to light
-confusion
-cold hands and feet
-skin rash
meningitis
T/F: both costochondritis and tietze syndrome present with pain in the costosternal joint but tietze syndrome has swelling and costochorndritis does not
true
What are some examples of SOLs with masses within the spinal canal?
-posterior disc defects
-posteror osteophytes
-displaced fractures
-spondylolisthesis
-tumors
anterior slippage due to pars fx=
spondylolisthesis
What are some examples of SOLs with masses outside of the spinal canal?
-anterior disc defects
-anterior osteophytes
-displaced fractures (spondylolisthesis)
-tumors
What is the most common TOS type?
neurogenic TOS
Which TOS type is this?
-involves compression of the brachial plexus
-C8 and T1 are most common
neurogenic TOS
What are the common signs and symptoms of neurogenic TOS?
-numbness
-tingling
-weak grip
-loss of manual dexterity
-muscle weakness
What are the 2 subcategories for vascular TOS?
arterial (less than 1% of cases) or venous (more common) TOS
What are the signs and symptoms of arterial TOS?
cool pale extremity, weak pulse, pain
What are the signs and symptoms of venous TOS?
swelling and mottled discoloration
What are the common symptoms of TOS?
1) pain in the neck, shoulder, arm, or hand- often down the medial side of the arm/forearm, fingers- think C8/T1 nerve distribution
2) numbness or tingling in the arm, hand, or fingers
3) weakness in the hand/arm
4) coldness in the affected arm or hand
5) bluish color of the hand
6) swelling of the arm/hand
7) fatigue or aching in the affected arm especially with overhead activities
8) weakened pulse in the affected arm
9) blood clots in the upper body veins (in severe cases)
10) headaches, particularly in the back of the head
11) difficulty with the fine motor tasks of the hand
12) a feeling of heaviness in the affected arm
13) throbbing sensation in the arm or hand
14) neck stiffness
15) visible bulging or swelling above the collarbone
What is the most common disc herniation?
posterolateral herniation
Which disc herniation blows through the middle?
central
What is cauda equina?
-numbness in saddle region
-medical emergency
-problems with urination and pooping
-don’t know if they wiped poop or not
-erectile dysfunction
What antalgic posture is this?
-slightly flexed forward and into the side of pain
medial disc herniation
“M-INTO”
What antalgic posture is this?
-slightly flexed forward and away from the side of pain
lateral disc herniation
“lay away”
What is the classic AAA triad?
1) hypotension
2) pulsatile abdominal mass
3) flank or back pain
What is this?
-initially has muscle weakness and cramping in hand
-eventually has problems with swallowing, chewing, coughing, and breathing
-group of motor neuron diseases including degeneration of SC anterior horn cells, motor nuclei of lower CN
-corticospinal tracts
-corticobulbar tracts
-combo of upper and lower motor neuron signs
ALS
