Motor Skills Flashcards
Motor Skill
- voluntary action
- body and/or limb movement (not cognitive)
- needs to be learned
Precision of the movement
Gross- involves large muscles, precision is not important
Fine- control of small muscles, precision
Defining beginning and endpoints of movement
Discrete- clearly defined beginning and endpoints
Serial motor skills- discrete motor skills performed in a specific order
Continuous motor skills- no obvious beginning and end points
Defining beginning and endpoints of movement
Discrete- clearly defined beginning and endpoints (swinging a bat)
Serial motor skills- discrete motor skills performed in a specific order (gymnastic routine)
Continuous motor skills- no obvious beginning and end points ( swimming)
Stability of environment
Closed motor skill- self paced task. “object waits to be acted on by the performer” ( tennis serve)
Open motor skills- externally- paced task. “performer needs to react to the environment to be successful” ( tennis rally)
Continuum
the three one dimension systems of motor-skills classification are in a ranged not fixed point.
e,g. a baseball swing can range from a closed to open skill depending on what is required
Performance outcome measures VS Performance process measures
Outcome-measures the result of performing a motor skill.
Process- measure how aspects of the motor control system are functioning during the performance of an action
Reaction time
time interval between presentation of signal and initiation of movement.
Simple RT- one signal, one response.
Choice RT- more than one signal with its own response.
Discrimination RT- more than one signal, one response.
pre- motor time
time between the signal and the first change in electromyography (EMG) activity in the muscle.
Motor time
time between first muscle EMG activity and observable movement
Absolute error
estimate of overall size of the error..
Sum of [performance score-goal]/# of trials
Constant error
provides info on overall direction of error. Sum of [performance -goal]/number of trials
Variable error
the standard deviation of performance.
Variable error
the standard deviation of performance. Sum of (X-average of X)/N-1
Kinematics
motion qualities without regard of force.
Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration
