Motor Planning and Control Flashcards
What part of the brain is involved in planning complex motor movements?
SMA
What part of the brain provides visual input to motor system?
Posterior Parietal lobe
What does damage to the posterior parietal cortex cause?
Apraxia, the inability to gesture movements and sometimes unable to carry out complex movements accurately
What does the Lateral premotor area (PMA) do?
Used to determine which muscles to use for a movement. Some neurons in the PMA are sensitive to movement direction
Damage to what can cause Alien limb syndrome?
The cerebellum and frontal areas (eg. cingulate gyrus and motor areas)
What is utilization behaviour?
Compulsive inappropriate behaviours (eg. washing dishes in hospital kitchen)
What are Woodworth’s two phases of movement?
- Ballistic movement control
- Online movement control
Both are smoothly linked together
What controls the transition from an actual state to a desired state in movement?
The cerebellum
True or false? It is believed that the cerebellum works backwards (inversely).
true
What is the inverse model of movement?
Uses a memory of movement (from cerebellum) and initial position + desired position to compute a trajectory to a target
What are three sources of motor errors?
- Poor motor command (imperfect memory)
- Neuromotor noise
- Changes in the environment
What is the original idea of motor correction?
The brain determines error and fixes it by sensing proprioception and visual position
Why is the original idea of motor correction probably wrong?
Because people make corrective action faster than visual information can be processed
What is an efference copy?
A mental copy of a motor command, together with internal models, they can predict the effects of an action
What is the forward model?
A model of motor movement where predicted end points are quickly calculated through the cerebellum. Almost fixes movements instantly. Uses an efference copy to predict.
