Motor Learning and Coaching

Question 1

Factors that impact transfer of learning

Answer 1

-Greater degree of similarity between the skills leads to greater possibility of transfer
-Negative transfer can occur when there are significant differences
-New learning of a skill, tactic, or technique becomes easier when building on prior knowledge
-Tactics can be transferred between sports
-Master skill on one side before another
-Effective learning leads to effective transfer

Question 2

Transfer of Learning

Answer 2

the influence of past experiences on the learning/performance of new skills/experiences

Question 3

Knudson and Morrison

Answer 3

Preperation - Coach gathers prerequisite knowledge about the skill and the performer, also selects observational strategy
Observation - Systematic gathering of information about the performance
Evaluation - Identify strengths and weaknesses, prioritise weaknesses based on importance to correct, identify methods to improve performance
Intervention - Providing feedback and correction to athlete (ideally in a training environment)
Reobservation - Re-evaluate the athlete to see if the implemented changes improved the performance (in the same context as originial viewing).

Question 4

Effects of TOL

Answer 4

Positive - a skill learnt in another sport influences a skill in another
Negative - a skill learnt in another sport hinders a skill in another
Zero - a skill learnt in one sport has no effect or change on a skill in another

Question 5

Chaining

Answer 5

High complexity, low organisation
- involves breaking down the skill into it’s components and then sequentially learning each component at a time

Question 6

Shaping

Answer 6

Low complexity, high organisation
- learn a simplified or incomplete version of a skill and add the missing parts as the skill is developed

Question 7

Static to Dynamic

Answer 7

involves the player starting with drills involving limited movement and cues, and progressing to drills involving movement, cues and additional tasks

Question 8

Complexity of a skill is determined by

Answer 8

• number of components involved in the skill
• amount of information processing
• accuracy amount
• speed of performance

Question 9

Skill to Skill transfer

Answer 9

When a skill previously learnt in one sport influences learning a skill in another sport
Proactive - old skill influences the new skill
Retroactive - new skill influences the old skill
Stimulus Generalisation - can be general rather than specific

Question 10

Theory to practice transfer

Answer 10

Transfer of theoretical skills into practice or performance scenarios

Question 11

Training to competition transfer

Answer 11

Refers to the transfer of skills developed at training into competition.

Question 12

Video Analysis (positives, negatives)

Answer 12

Advantages:
- can be compared against an exemplar
- can be reviewed multiple times
- can be stored for future use to track progress
Disadvantages:
- Costly
- Restrict viewing the athlete as a whole depending on the angle
- Quality of focus is poor

Question 13

Checklists (positives, negatives)

Answer 13

Advantages:
- can be kept/ filed and referred to
- provides key aspects of an ideal performance
- can be used in conjunction with video analysis
Disadvantages:
- May be lost of misplaced
- Time consuming
- observer may miss aspects of the performance due to filing in the checklist