Motor Control Flashcards
Reflex model
reflexes= building blocks
CNS= black box (black empty space)
sensory input triggers stereotypic motor output
reflex=fundamental unit of voluntary motor activity
compound reflexes
**basis for rood technique, resistance, oral motor stim to elicit primitive reflexes.
reflex model: CNS and person are both ….?
passive recipient
clinical implications of reflex model
evident in eval/TX of reflexes
use of sensory stim to elicit motor response
splinting
**Hierarchal Model
top down organizational structure higher levels override lower ones uses open-loop vs closed loop system of control feedforward or anticipatory control NDT based on this model
What does the Hierarchal model look like?
Cortical hemispheres
spinal cord
individual muscles
clinical implications of hierarchal model
used in approaches that aim to restore higher level control
simple to complex movements
**Dynamic systems theory
person, environment, occupation/task, cognitive, neurological, emotional, orthopedic, social, perceptual, sensory
self-organization
interaction of person + environment + functional task (PEO model)
heterarchial organization (everything on each playing field)
closed loop and open loop (stabilizing and mobilizing movement)
feedback and feedforward (anticipatory movement
CNS compensates for damage
evolution of ecological approach
degrees of freedom
coordinative structures
attractor (set pattern of movement)
clinical implications of dynamic systems model
stresses interaction of biomedical, neurological and environmental
eval/TX focus on interaction of systems
**ecological model
motor systems interaction with environment
MC evolved so animals could cope with environment
initial action to environment link
*perception is critical
clinical implications of ecological model
person= active explorer (allow mistakes to be made to learn from)
multiple ways to accomplish a task
active problem solving
cognitive/perceptual impacts on MC
*task oriented models
all systems working together to do functional task
based on dynamic systems model
functional tasks help organize motor skills
occupational performance emerges from interaction of multiple systems
practice and active experimentation with different strategies and contexts, are needed to find optimal solutions for motor problems and skill development.
all systems working together to do functional task
based on dynamic systems model
functional tasks help organize motor skills
occupational performance emerges from interaction of multiple systems
practice and active experimentation with different strategies and contexts, are needed to find optimal solutions for motor problems and skill development.
task oriented treatment principles
client centered
occupation based focus
person and environment focus
practice and feedback
how to create an active learning environment
organize environment to match level of performance
provide opportunities for practice outside of therapy
give clients control
encourage active problem solving
create a challenging environment
notes: eval-set up environment
modify as you go
work on whats most important to them
give some success in therapy session to motivate
clinical implications of TOM
stresses significance of perc, cog, and action systems in fxl tasks
natural settings (home environment)
problem solving
