Motivation Part 2

Question 1

Describe the goal setting theory.

Answer 1

Goals influence performance through 4 mechanisms

• direction: direct attention toward goal-relevant activities and away from goal-irrelevant activities
• effort: mobilize energy expenditure
• Persistence: prolong effort
• strategy: motivate to develop strategies to obtain goal

Question 2

What is the key postulate of goal setting theory?

Answer 2

specific, difficult, but attainable goals lead to higher performance than easier goals.

assuming the individual has accepted the goal and is committed to it.

Question 3

What are factors that make difficult goals even more effective?

Answer 3

• goal acceptance
• goal commitment
• feedback
• simplicity

Question 4

How can you increase employees’ commitment to goals?

Answer 4

-increase importance and make employees believe they can attain a goal(self-efficacy)

Question 5

How do you facilitate performance on complex tasks?

Answer 5

Focus on proximal goals rather than ultimate goals.

Question 6

What motivation theories focus on rewards?

Answer 6

Reinforcement theory, VIE theory, and equity theory

Question 7

What motivation theories focus on jobs?

Answer 7

• goal setting theory
• social determination theory(intrinsic motivation)
• job characterisics theory(change elements of job to make work more meaningful and satisfying

Question 8

What motivation theories focus on employees?

Answer 8

• Maslow’s need theory
• Hertzberg’s two-factor theory
• self-fulfilling prophecy.