Motivation and Emotion Flashcards
What is motivation?
4pts
An internal process that gives behavior its energy direction, and persistence
Energy: How much energy will someone put forth?
Direction: Towards what will someone direct their efforts ?
Persistence: For how long will someone expend effort?
Motivation for face- What are examples of promotion vs prevention orientations
3pts
- Trying to secure good outcomes vs. trying to avoid bad outcomes
- Sensitivity to possible gains vs losses
- Goals based on hopes/aspirations vs obligations/duties
What is face? What type of orientation is likely to be demonstrated?
3pts
A sense of worth that others attribute to you based on how you live up to the standards expected of you
- More easily loss than gained
- Likely to demonstrate a prevention orientation
Motivations for Control- primary and secondary ?
2pts
Primary vs secondary control:
Striving to shape existing realities to meet one’s goals (influencing) vs. attempting to align oneself with existing realities (adjusting)
Persistence after success or failure:
BLANK are more likely to persist longer on a task they think they’re good at, compared to when they think they’re not going to succeed.
BLANK persist longer on a task if they think they’re poor at it, compared to when they think they’re good at it.
Canadians vs. Japanese
Canadians, Japanese
Control strategies: influencing and adjusting
BLANK recalled more adjusting (secondary control) situations than influencing ones
BLANK recalled more influencing situations (primary control) than adjusting ones
Japanese vs Americans
Japanese, Americans
BLANK tend to prefer minority colored pens, whereas BLANK prefers majority-colored pens. This pattern demonstrated that the motivation to stand out is stronger for BLANK.
Japanese vs Americans
Americans, Japanese, Americans
What is emotion? What are the 4 components?
5pts
Transient, biopsychosocial reactions to events that have consequences on our welfare and that potentially require a rapid behavioral response
Several components:
- Expressive behavior
- Subjective experience
- Physiological reactions
- Cognitive aspects
What are the 6 basic emotions?
- Happiness, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise
What are the 6 cultural display rules?
- Deamplification
- Amplification
- Neutralization
- Qualification
- Masking
- Simulation
Interpersonally Engaged vs disengaged emotions?
2pts
Engaged: you’re “in the mix” emotionally with other people
Disengaged: you’re emotionally “on your own island”
European Americans who tend to experience BLANK emotions more
frequently and intensely tend to experience BLANK emotions BLANK frequently
(i.e., emotion valences tend to be more mutually exclusive)
- East Asians more likely to experience the BLANK of positive and negative emotions
—> BLANK thinking style
- positive, negative, less
- Co-occurrence, dialectical
Cultures differ in the degree to which…
Hint: positive & negative emotions
positive and negative emotions co-occur
- Cultures vary in the degree to which…
Ex–> In individualistic cultures, subjective well-being is strongly associated with…
While in collectivistic cultures, subjective
well-being is more strongly associated with…
- Cultures also vary in terms of…
Ex –> East Asians tend to prefer…
While North Americans/Latin Americans tend to prefer…
What type of positive arousal state?
- they value feelings of happiness
–> the experience of positive emotions
–> living up to others’ standards - what kind of happiness is valued or
considered ideal
–> low arousal positive states (e.g., calm, relaxed, peaceful)
–> high arousal positive states (e.g., enthusiastic, excited, elated)
Language:
- Cultures vary in their…
- Emotion words from one language don’t always…
- Cultures vary in their language for emotions
- Emotion words from one language don’t always map onto basic emotions of other languages
Out of Japanese and Americans who displays more positive interpersonally engaged emotions vs positively interpersonally disengaged emotions?
- Japanese people display more positive interpersonally engaged emotions
- American people display more positive interpersonally disengaged emotions
