Motivation

Question 1

What is motivation

Answer 1

• That which causes, channels and sustains a person’s behaviour.
• Forces within an individual that accounts for the level, direction, and persistence of effort at work

Question 2

Motivation and Rewards

Answer 2

• A reward is a work outcome of positive value to the individual.
• A motivational work setting is rich in rewards for people whose performance accomplishments help meet organizational objectives.

Question 3

Two types of rewards

Answer 3

Extrinsic
Intrinsic

Question 4

Extrinsic Rewards

Answer 4

Valued outcomes given to someone by another person (a supervisor or higher level manager)

Question 5

Intrinsic Rewards

Answer 5

• Are self-administered
• Occur ”naturally” as a person performs a task and are built directly into the job itself
• Motivation occurs internally and does not depend on the actions of other people

Question 6

CLASSICAL THEORY OF MOTIVATION

Answer 6

• Developed by Frederick W. Taylor.
• Money is the prime motivator.
• People worked to satisfy their basic necessities (food, clothing, shelter and to raise their standard of living).
• Most effective during the later years of the Industrial Revolution when workers were poor and jobs were hard to find .
• As the standard of living improved, worker’s productivity no longer increased rapidly.

Question 7

THE HAWTHORNE EFFECT

Answer 7

Developed by Elton Mayo.
Conducted experiments from 1927-1933 at the Hawthorne plants near Chicago.
Regardless of working conditions, productivity tends to increase when management gives special attention to workers.
Workers have needs other than money and job security.
How workers react when they know they’re being watched