Motivation

Question 1

What is motivation

Answer 1

Will to work, enjoyment of work

Question 2

Methods available to motivate employees

Answer 2

• financial methods, salary, bonus
• non financial methods, passing on responsibility, praise

Question 3

what was Taylor’s view on pay

Answer 3

Emphasises pay, peice rate as best way to pay employees

Question 4

What is mayo Maslow amd herzbergs view on pay

Answer 4

Non financial rewards acted as a better incentive for employees to work harder

Question 5

reasons why people work

Answer 5

• earn money
• sense of achievement
• belong to a group
• sense of security
• obtain feeling of self worth

Question 6

main financial incentives

Answer 6

• wages
• salaries
• bonuses
• commission
• performance related pay
• profit sharing
• share options
• fringe benefits

Question 7

What is a wage

Answer 7

Paid per hour , receive at the end of the week

Question 8

What is a salary

Answer 8

Annual salary paid at end of each month

Question 9

What is a bonus system

Answer 9

Only paid when certain targets have been achieved

Question 10

What is commission

Answer 10

Paid according to number of products sold

Question 11

What is profit sharing

Answer 11

Employees receive a proportion of companies profits

Question 12

What is performance related pay

Answer 12

Paid to those who meet certain targets

Question 13

What is share options

Answer 13

Senior managers given shares in company

Question 14

What are fringe benefits

Answer 14

Items an employee receives on top of wage e.g company car

Question 15

Non financial incentives

Answer 15

• empowerment
• praise
• promotion
• job enrichment
• job enlargement
• better communication
• working environment
• team working

Question 16

What is job enrichment

Answer 16

Giving employees more challenging and interesting tasks

Question 17

What is job enlargement

Answer 17

Giving employees more tasks if a similar complexity

Question 18

Advantages of profit sharing

Answer 18

• direct link between pay and performance
• Improves loyalty

Question 19

Advantages to performance related pay

Answer 19

• senior managers can easily monitor and assess individual performance
• can set employee targets

Question 20

Disadvantages to performance related pay

Answer 20

• discourages team based approach
• incentives may not be large enough

Question 21

Advantages of peice rate payment

Answer 21

• low levels of manager supervision
• encourages high speed production
• good incentives

Question 22

Disadvantages of piece rate pay

Answer 22

• workers focused on quantity not quality
• repetitive for workers

Question 23

Advantage to commission

Answer 23

• clear link between sales

Question 24

Disadvantage to commission

Answer 24

• sales may be influenced by factors outside of employees control

Question 25

What was Taylor’s theory of motivation

Answer 25

Scientific management
- managers should maintain close control and supervision over employees
- autocratic style
- theory x
- peice rate payment

Question 26

What is Maslows theory of motivation

Answer 26

• five levels to be fufilled at work
  1) self actualisation
  2) esteem
  3) social
  4) safety
  5) psychological

Question 27

What is herzbergs theory of motivation

Answer 27

Two factor theory
1) motivators- directly motivate people
2) hygiene- can demotivate if not present but don’t actually motivate employees to work harder e.g working conditions

Question 28

What is intellectual engagement

Answer 28

Thinking about the job and how to do it better

Question 29

What is affective engagement

Answer 29

Feeling positive about doing a good job

Question 30

What is social engagement

Answer 30

• takes opportunities to share work related issues with others