Motivation Flashcards
__________ is the process by which activities are started, directed, and sustained so that physical and psychological needs are fulfilled.
-is the “why” of behavior
Motivation
Type of motivation where the act itself is motivating or internally rewarding
Intrinsic motivation
Type of motivation where
-the outcome of a person is separate
-driven by external rewards
Extrinsic motivation
Aka: PUSH Theory
> Need: Requirement of material (e.g., food, water) essential for survival
> Drive: Need leads to psychological tension and physical arousal
>Act to reduce, satisfy needs, and reduce tension
Drive-reduction theory
-Aka: PULL Theory
-Incentives: Things that lure people to action Incentive approaches:
-Behavior is a response to rewards of external stimulus
-Expectancy-value
theories: Beliefs, values, importance
Incentive Motivation Theory
Natural tendency to respond without thinking William
James:
Cleanliness, Parental Love, sympathy, curiosity, sociability
Sigmund Freud:
All forms of behavior can be explained by instincts
2 Basic Instincts Life (EROS) Death (Thanatos)
Instinct Theory
Category of motivation where it involves the basic needs of the body
Primary drives
Category of motivation where the satisfaction of Social Motives are learned through experience
Psychological Motives
-occurs when a person needs to choose between two options that are both attractive.
-You have to decide between two attractive choices.
-occurs when there are two desirable alternatives (positive) but you can only choose one
The approach-approach conflict
occurs when a person needs to choose between options that they find both unpleasant
Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict
-occurs when a person needs to choose between options that have both positive and negative consequences.
-what you want has both good and bad outcomes
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
needs satisfied, full human potential achieved
Self-actualization
Times when self-actualization is temporarily achieved
Peak experiences
