Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

social psychology year 2 > motivation > Flashcards

motivation Flashcards

1
Q

what is motivation?

A

the driving force behind our decision making behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why do we have motivation?

A

due to our biological and psychological needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is Maslow’s hierachy of needs?

A

model to understand the motivation for human behaviour

split into deficiency needs and growth needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the stages of Maslow’s hierachy of needs?

A

psychological needs
safety needs
belonging and love needs
esteem needs
self actualisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the desire for coherence?

A

relates to cognitive dissonance

want to reduce contradictions and keep information consistent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is affirmation of competence?

A

like to think about ourselves positively and feel like we are good at what we do

expect ourselves to be better than average

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is desire for knowledge?

A

curiosity motivates us as we want more information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is self determination theory?

A

looks at how autonomy, competence and relatedness underly intrinsic motivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is autonomy?

A

feeling like you have choice over your actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is competence?

A

if you feel like you are good at something

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is relatedness?

A

if you feel like you belong with others/have a support network around you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is intrinsic motivation?

A

aims for mastery, brings enjoyment and satisfaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is extrinsic motivation?

A

aims for reward, brings external pressure/demands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is amotivation?

A

no inclination to do anything either way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is locus of control?

A

how much control we believe we have over a situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is cognitive evaluation theory?

A

sub theory of self determination theory

explains the effect of external consequences on internal motivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

deci and ryan (1985) self determination theory= procedure

A

college students asked to solve problems across 3 sessions
1st= unpaid, 2nd= paid per answer, 3rd= halfway through told there was no money left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

deci and ryan (1985) self determination theory= results

A

paid students spent more time solving puzzles

when the reward was removed, spent less time solving the puzzles

intrinsic motivation may be undermined if they are induced to achieve an extrinsic goal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the undermining effect?

A

detrimental impact that rewards can have on the intrinsic motivation to engage in a behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

jang, kim and reeve (2016) self determination theory= procedure

A

in South Korea looked at high school students

looked at autonomy control, need satisfaction/frustration and engagement/disengagement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

jang, kim and reeve (2016) self determination theory= results

A

autonomy support led to engagement

teacher control led to frustration predicting disengagement

when you think you are doing a task by yourself and are capable of doing it- become better at doing it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the over justification effect?

A

an expected external incentive like money or a prize decreases a person’s intrinsic motivation to perform a task

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

lepper, green and nisbett (1973) overjustification effect= procedure

A

field study with children
expected reward condition= groups drew pictures without the promise of a reward
no reward condition= drew pictures without the promise of a reward
unexpected reward condition= groups drew pictures and were given a surprise reward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

lepper, green and nisbett (1973) overjustification effect= results

A

ratings for pictures were significantly lower in the expected reward group
destroyed their motivation for the task, and affected their enjoyment
undermining effect occurred

25
what are three types of rewards?
engagement contingent rewards completion contingent rewards performance contingent rewards
26
what were the results in a meta analysis of undermining effects?
theory supported however, doesnt occur in all cases, eg) boring tasks stronger effect for children
27
what are alternative explanations for the undermining effect?
rewarded people may attribute performance less to themselves when rewards are unrelated to performance people feel helpless
28
what are values?
goals which are consistent across situations act as guiding principles in an individual's life
29
what are the 10 universal values?
self direction stimulation hedomism achievement power security conformity tradition benevolence universalism
30
what is hedonism?
pleasure for oneself- self indulgent
31
what is universalism?
understanding, appreciation and tolerance for the welfare of all people and nature
32
what are the 4 categories of values?
openess to change self transcendence conservation self enhancement
33
what are critiques of the concept of values?
do not predict behaviour often considered to be cultural norms, not personal beliefs
34
value clashes, maio et al 2009
participants were asked to rank values shown made up average ratings from the rest of the participants most people repeated the values they had just seen
35
combination of messages possible: spence et al, 2014
looked at motivations to engage with reducing energy behaviour saving cost= self enhancement value saving carbon= self transcendence value Schwartz theory predicts a clash which makes the idea ineffective- however no evidence of a clash occuring
36
what is self regulation theory?
we make purposeful, self-corrective judgements to pursue personal goals goals are used as references to refer back to
37
what is the control theory of self regulation?
difference between our current self/ideal self/ought self
38
what is disturbance?
things that affect us from achieving our ideal self which we cannot personally control
39
what is our actual self?
how we actually are
40
what is our ideal self?
personal ideas for want we want to be
41
what does the ideal self result in?
sadness or happiness
42
what is our ought self?
how society tells us we should be
43
what can the ought self result in?
anxiety, guilt or relief
44
what is an incentive?
high order desired outcome
45
what is a need?
personal forces that narrow down classes of incentives
46
what is a goal?
lower order aims that serve incentives
47
what is the automotive theory?
goals can become activated without awareness
48
how can goals become activated without awareness?
mental links form between situations and goals situation subsequently activates the goal
49
what does the existence of implicit motives mean?
natural incentives that do not require awareness
50
oettingen, 2000 goal setting: fantasy realisation theory procedure
female participants imagine meeting an attractive student 'Michael' at a party fantasy reality- elaborate 2 positive and 2 negative aspects of the situation positive reality- elaborate 4 positive aspects of the situation negative reality- elaborate 4 negative aspects of the situation control= arithmetic tasks
51
oettingen, 2000 goal setting: fantasy realisation theory results
fantsasy reality group was most eager to meet Michael as they had contrasted the positives and negatives
52
what are the four stages of achieving goals?
predecisional preactional actional post actional
53
what is the predecisional stage of achieving goals?
deliberating goals and choosing between them
54
what is the preactional stage of achieving goals?
planning goal directed actions and getting started
55
what is the actional stage of achieving a goal?
successfully achieving the goal
56
what is the post-actional stage of achieving a goal?
evaluating the outcome
57
what is an implemental mindset?
focussing on relevant information process desirable information in a biased manner process feasability information in a biased manner
58
Brandstatter et al, 2001: goal planning procedure
heroin addicts at a German hospital 20 experiencing withdrawal 21 no longer in withdrawal all unemployed and agreed to compose a CV half randomly assigned to make irrelevant implementation intention, other half assigned to make a relevant implementation intention
59
Brandstatter et al, 2001: goal planning results
relevant information group significantly more likely to hand in a CV helpful to have conditions relevant to the task to trigger your behaviour

social psychology year 2 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions