Motivation (08)

Question 1

SUMMARY

Answer 1

In summary, the following are covered in this topic:
1. Motivation is the desire of workers to see a job done quickly and well.
2. A motivated workforce will lead to low absenteeism, low labour turnover, high
productivity level and other positive impacts on an organisation.
3. An effective reward system is motivational, and will spur employees to work harder
and well. Rewards can be either intrinsic or extrinsic.
4. Theories of motivation can be classified into content theories and process theories of
motivation

5. Content theories of motivation include Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Herzberg’s two-
   factor theory and McClelland’s motivational needs theory.
6. Process theories of motivation include Vroom’s expectancy theory and Adam’s equity
   theory
7. Incentives to motivate can be financial or non-financial.
8. Financial incentives include salary, time-based wage rate, piece rate, performance-
   related pay, profit-sharing and share ownership.
9. Non-financial incentives include training and development, effective induction,
   opportunities for promotion, job redesign, job enlargement, empowerment, job
   enrichment and team working.