Motion Vocabulary Flashcards
Gravity
the force that pulls all things toward the center of the earth
How fast to falling objects increase their speed
32 f/s or g (gravity) each second they fall
What slows down falling objects?
the atmosphere
Drag (in relation to gravity & falling objects)
the slowing action
Velocity formula
velocity (ft. per second) = 32 x time (seconds) v = gt
Center of gravity
a point at which the entire weight of an object appears to be centered an object will balance or if it is suspended from or supported underneath–its center of gravity
Inertia
the property of objects to resist a change in motion big problem when moving large objects Newton’s 1st Law of Motion or Law of Inertia
Momentum
the measure of the impact of a moving body when it hits another body momentum = (mass)(velocity) f = ma aka Newton’s Second Law
Effort
required to start a body in motion and the same effort is needed to stop it
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
for every action has an equal and opposite reaction
Newton’s 1st Law of Motion
every object will remain at rest unless acted upon by an outside force
Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
The greater the mass of the object, the more force it will take to accelerate the object. F = ma
Speed
term used to define how fast an object is traveling speed is a term used when direction is NOT important
Acceleration
the rate at which the speed changes (if moving along a straight line or path) positive if the object is gaining speed and negative if the object is losing speed
How do you determine how many miles a car is traveling?
miles per hour mph = feet per second x 0.682 or if you want to change miles per hour into feet per second.. ft. per second = mph x 1.47 mph = ft. per second x 0.682
Velocity
the speed of an object in a given direction Velocity is both the speed or an object and the direction in which it is traveling
Speed Formula
speed (ft. per second) = distance (ft) / time (seconds) speed (miles per hour) = distance (miles) / time (hours) speed (mph) = (ft. per sec.) x 60 (sec) x 60 (min) __________________________________ 5280 ft. in a mile)
Velocity Formula
velocity = distance / time
What are centrifugal force and centripetal force used to describe?
It is use to describe what happens when objects travel along a curve or circle
Centripetal Force
Also known as center seeking force When a car travels along a curve, the tires supply the friction to keep the car traveling along the curve
Centrifugal force
center-fleeing force If you twirl a ball on a string and then let go of the string, the balls travels in a straight line away from the circle Tangent to the curve causes an object (ball) to move in a straight line away from the circle
Centrifuge
a high speed rotating device used to separate suspended materials
Spinning Gyroscope
resists any effort to change its location or rotation plane
Gyroscope
used in navigation equipment and vehicles that require stabilization
Flywheel
similar to a gyroscope heavy spinning cylinder used to store mechanical energy
Torque
a force which produces a turning effect measured in foot pounds torque (ft.lbs) = force (pounds) x torque arm (feet) torque (in. lbs) = force (pounds) x torque arm (inches)
Friction
a force which tends to interfere with movement between two surfaces FRICTION IS GREATEST JUST BEFORE THE MOVEMENT STARTS once the object is moving, friction decreases
Why does friction make mechanical devices less efficient?
more energy is used to accomplish a certain amount of work
Rolling Friction
the resistive force that slows objects that are rolling much less resistive force than sliding friction ball bearings or roller blades
Drag
the resistance caused by the motion of objects through air or water acts opposite to the direction of the motion slows the plane down
When drag increases, way also increases with it?
the velocity of body
Lift
the force that directly opposes the weight of an airplane and holds the airplane in the air acts perpendicular to the direction of the vehicles motion used to stabilize and control the direction of the flight
thrust
The force which moves the airplane through the air The Engine & Propellers are responsible for moving the plane forward Think of Newton’s Third Law of Motion!
Pressure drag
accounts for much of the drag as objects move through the air or water molecules or air or water build up near the frontal area of the object depends on the shape of the body also known as profile drag
Drafting
when the air behind a vehicle forms a low pressure area a second vehicle follows directly behind the first less frontal pressure and less use of energy to travel
