Mass, Density & Weight

Question 1

Mass

Answer 1

the amount of matter an object contains

remains constant anywhere in the universe regardless of gravity

can be found using a beam balance

expressed in grams per cubic centimeters or kg per cubic meter

Question 2

Density

Answer 2

amount of of mass there is in a particular volume

d = mass / volume

Question 3

Weight

Answer 3

often confused with mass

if you are weighing something, you are finding the gravitational force on that object

Question 4

Weight density

Answer 4

the amount of weight there is in a particular volume

the density will change with the location on earth because gravitational pull is not the same everywhere

WD = weight / volume

Question 5

specific gravity

Answer 5

term used to indicate the density of material compared to the same volume of water

1) . find the mass of the material
- partially fill a container that has milliliter reference marks
- place in the water & commute the difference between the millimeters of water before immersion and after the object is placed under

specific gravity = mass of the object / mass of an equal volume of water

If the specific gravity of the material is less than 1, then the material will float in water
If the specific gravity is greater than one, the material will sink

Question 6

Distortion

Answer 6

when a force pushes against an object and it changes shape

Question 7

Elastic

Answer 7

when a force pushes against an object and it changes shape but is able to return to its original shape after the force is removed

Question 8

Elasticity

Answer 8

the property of a material that allows it to return to its original shape after distortion forces are removed

Question 9

Strain

Answer 9

the amount of change in the size of the material after it has undergone continual stress

Question 10

Stress

Answer 10

internal forces that are within an object

when external forces push against an object, they act on the forces within the object.

tension
compression
shear

Question 11

Young’s modulus of elasticity

Answer 11

the ratio of stress to strain on a given material

If stress is applied beyond this limit, the material will begin stretching and break if more force is applied

Question 12

Tensile strain

Answer 12

strain caused by tension

Question 13

Ultimate strength

Answer 13

the maximum force that can be applied to a material before the material separates

Question 14

torsion

Answer 14

the twisting force

Question 15

compression

Answer 15

the pushing force

Question 16

tension

Answer 16

the pulling force

Question 17

shear

Answer 17

when two forces rub against each other

Question 18

Brinell scale

Answer 18

testing the hardness of a material

this involves pressing a hardened steel ball into the surface of the material

the diameter of the resulting indentation is used to judge the hardness

Question 19

hardness

Answer 19

the resistance of a substance to penetration

Question 20

malleability

Answer 20

the property of a substance that makes it capable of being rolled or hammered into thin sheets of various

Question 21

ductility

Answer 21

the property of a substance that permits it to be drawn into a wire