Motion Unit 2 AOS1 Flashcards
What is a scalar?
(of a quantity) having only magnitude, not direction. the quantity can be measured independently in the direction.
Mass, Time, Length, Speed, Energy.
what is a vector?
a quantity having direction as well as magnitude, especially as determining the position of one point in space relative to another.
- Displacement, Velocity, Force, Acceleration.
What do the Arrows show?
Represents the direction and magnitude
what is magnitude?
The great size or extent of something.
what is the distance? (Scalar)
Is how far a body moves/travels during motion
What is the displacement? (Vector)
Change in position of a body in a given direction
How far is the final position away from the initial position of change?
What is speed?
Speed is the measure of how fast an object is traveling at a given moment. 2 readings - average speed
what is velocity?
Velocity is the measure of speed and direction
Velocity =
Displacement/Time
Time =
Distance/ Velocity
Speed =
Distance/ Time
What is Acceleration?
is the rate of change of velocity. change of direction at a constant speed is the acceleration.
Acceleration =
Delta Velocity/ Time
Delta Velocity =
Final ‘v’ - initual ‘U’
Total distance =
Speed x Time convert to m/s/s
Average velocity =
changed in displacement (Final ‘v’ - initual ‘U’) / Time
Constant acceleration
When the acceleration of an object is constant, the following formulae can be used to describe its motion.
A = Acceleration and you don’t need to find the displacement
s = 1/2 x (u+v) x t
V = Final velocity and you don’t need to find the displacement
S = ut + 1/2 at^2
U = Initial Velocity and you don’t need to find the displacement
S = ut - 1/2 at^2
T = Time and you don’t need to find the displacement
V^s - U^2 = 2as
Steps to calculate constant Acceleration in a straight line
- Treat each object as a point mass
- Identify the 3 quantities that we are given and the one you need to find out.
- Use the equation that doesn’t have quantity in it and is irrelevant
- Take care with directions and signs
- Rearrange the formula to Solve for unknown
Characteristics of a distance-time graph
- Gradient represents the speed
- Negative represents returning back to the origin
Characteristics of displacement- time graph
- Graphical representation of a journey involving direction
- The negative region represents displacement in a reverse direction
Characteristics of a speed/velocity-time graph
- Graphical representation of a journey
- Gradient represents direction
- The area represents distance traveled
North is…
Positive
South is…
Negative
West is…
Negative
East is…
Positive
N*E true bearing…
is Exact
N*W True bearing is
360 -?
S*E True bearing is
180-?
S*W True bearing is
180 +?
Instantanious speed =
Measures how fast an object i traveling at a specific moment in time.
Distance/Time
Instantaneous Velocity =
Measures of fast and in which direction the object is traveling at a specific moment in time.
V = Displacement/Time
Characteristics of a velocity-time graph
- Gradient represents Acceleration
- The area represents displacement traveled
Calculate the area of a trapezium
A= a+b/2 x h
Calculate the area of a rectangle and square
= LXW
Calculate the area of a triangle
A = 1/2 Bxh
Calculate the area of a semi-circle and circle
semi-circle A = Pi* r^2 Circle A= Pi*r^2/2
Calculate the area of a semi-circle and circle
semi-circle A = Pi* r^2 Circle A= Pi*r^2/2
Calculate the Hypotenuse (Longer side of a triangle)
c= a2+b2, Root of the answer
Converting units of speed
Kmh to ms^-1 = /3.6
ms^-1 to KMH = x3.6
Aderage velocity =
Displacement/Time s
Average velocity =
Displacement/Time s
