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Physics > Motion, Forces And Conservation Of Energy > Flashcards

Motion, Forces And Conservation Of Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a vector?

Give examples (6)

A

They have a size and a direction

Force, velocity, displacement, weight, acceleration, momentum

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2
Q

What is a scalar?

Give examples (6)

A

They only have a size

Speed, distance, mass, energy, temperature, time

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3
Q

What is the equation for distance?

A

Distance = speed x time

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4
Q

What is acceleration?

A

The change in velocity in a certain amount of time

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5
Q

What is the acceleration equation?

A

Acceleration= change in velocity/time

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6
Q

On a distance time graph, what does a straight diagonal line mean?

A

Steady speed

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7
Q

On a distance time graph, what does a flat line mean?

A

Stopped

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8
Q

On a distance time graph, what does an upwards curved line mean?

A

Accelerating

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9
Q

On a distance time graph, what does a downward curve mean?

A

Decelerating

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10
Q

On a distance time graph, what does the gradient give?

A

The speed

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11
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

When there is no resultant force, an object remains moving at a constant velocity

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12
Q

What is Newton’s second law?

A

If there is no resultant force it’s accelerating

F=ma

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13
Q

What is Newton’s third law?

A

Every action force has an equal and opposite reaction force

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14
Q

What is the equation for weight?

A

Weight = mass x gravitational field strength

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15
Q

What is a centripetal force?

A

The force that keeps something moving in a circle

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16
Q

How do you investigate motion?

A

Trolley on a ramp experiment

17
Q

What is inertia?

A

The tendency for motion to remain unchanged

18
Q

What does an objects inertial mass measure?

A

How difficult it is to change the velocity of an object

19
Q

On a velocity time graph, what does a straight diagonal line mean?

A

Constant acceleration

20
Q

On a velocity time graph, what does a flat line mean?

A

Steady speed

21
Q

On a velocity time graph, what does a curved upwards line mean?

A

Increasing acceleration

22
Q

On a velocity time graph, what does a downwards diagonal line mean?

A

Constant deceleration

23
Q

How do you work out the distance travelled on a velocity time graph?

A

The area under the graph

24
Q

What is the momentum equation?

A

Momentum (kg m/s) = mass (kg) x velocity (m/s)

25
Q

What is total momentum equal to?

A

Total momentum after

26
Q

What is the equation for change in momentum?

A

Change in momentum = force x time

27
Q

What is the ‘thinking distance’?

A

Distance travelled in the driver’s reaction time

28
Q

What is the ‘braking distance’?

A

Distance taken to stop once breaks have been applied

29
Q

What are the 8 ways of storing energy?

A 
Kinetic 
Thermal
Chemical
Gravitational potential
Elastic
Electrostatic
Magnetic
Nuclear
30
Q

What is the equation for the change in gravitational potential energy?

A

GPE = mass X gravitational field strength X change in height

31
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

0.5 X mass X velocity^2

32
Q

Which type of energy does lubrication reduce?

A

Friction

33
Q

What are the 5 renewable energy sources?

A 
Biofuels
Wind
Solar
Tides
Hydroelectricity
34
Q

What does insulation do?

A

Reduces the rate of energy transfer by heating

35
Q

What is the conservation of energy principle? (Equation)

A

Total energy input = useful energy output + waste energy

36
Q

What are the 4 ways of transferring energy?

A
  1. Mechanically
  2. Electrically
  3. Heating
  4. Radiation
37
Q

What is the efficiency equation?

A

Efficiency=useful energy transferred/total energy

Physics (7 decks)

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