Motion Flashcards
Weight
force exerted on the mass of a by a gravitational field Newton (N)
Mass
amount of matter kilogram (kg)
Scalar quantities
when you can measure with a number and unit only e.g length, time, temperature
Vector quantities
measured in units and number but has a specific direction e.g acceleration 30m/s^2 upwards, displacement 200km northwest, force 2N downwards
Speed
rate at which an object covers distance (m/s) distance/time = speed
Instantaneous speed
speed at a particular time which is measured with a speedometer
Average speed
average of instantaneous speed over a period of time which is measured with a distance vs time graph
Velocity
the rate of which an object changes its position (m/s [direction])
east = positive direction
average velocity = displacement/time
e,g velocity = 27km/h east/+27km/h
Displacement
where something ends up in relation to its starting point (m [direction])
e.g vehicle’s displacement is 1440m northeast
Distance-time graph
X axis is time and Y axis is distance
Speed-time graph
X axis is time and Y axis is speed
Displacement-time
X axis is time and Y axis is displacement
Acceleration
change in speed, direction or both (vector)
m/s2 (direction)
acceleration = average acceleration
acceleration = final velocity - initial velocity/final time - initial time
Newton’s first law
an object stays at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion unless a force acts on it
Newton’s second law
the force on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration
