MOST COMMONS Flashcards
Ascites associated w/ cancer
Exudate
Ascites associated with benign
Transudate
This variant may cause a “false-positive”
Reidels lobe
Liver measurement
13-15 cm
MPV measurement
> 13 mm
Most common diffuse liver disease
Hepatic Steatosis aka fatty liver
Most common cause of cirrhosis
Alcoholism
Most common cause of Portal Hypertension
Cirrhosis
Most common gynecological malignancy under the age of 50
Cervical carcinoma
Most common benign mass of the cervix
Nabothian cyst
Most common location of fibroid/leiomyoma
Intramural
Normal Max dimension of endo in a PMB
5mm
Most common cause of endo thickening in the REPRODUCTIVE age group
Endo polyp
Most common cause of post menopausal bleeding
Endometrial atrophy <4mm
A common secondary effect of tamoxifen on the endo
Thickened endo with cystic changes
Most common gynecological malignancy
Endometrial adenocarcinoma
An increase in Estrogen can lead to
Endometrial carcinoma
Most common congenital anomaly of the urinary tract
Duplicated collecting systems
Most common cause of Acute Renal Failure
Acute tubular necrosis
Most common cause of Chronic Renal Failure
Diabetes Mellitus
Acquired Renal Cystic Disease is caused by
Chronic hemodialysis (treatment for CRF)
Most common renal mass
Renal cyst
Most common benign renal tumor
Angiomyolipoma
Most common benign renal tumor in pediatric
Mesonephric blastoma AKA HARMATOMA
2nd most common benign renal mass
Oncocytoma (similar to RCC)
Most common cause of Acute pyelonephritis
Ascending UTI from bladder
Most common cause of Glomerulonephritis
Strep throat infections
Most common cause of Fungal UTI
Candida albicans
Most common cause of Parasitic UTI
Schistosomiasis
Most common renal cancer / common SOLID renal mass
Renal cell carcinoma/ Hypernephroma
Most common cancer of bladder
Transitional Cell Carcinoma / TCC
Most common solid malignant abdominal mass in peds
Nephroblastoma aka WILMS tumor
Most common cause of Renal artery stenosis
Atherosclerosis
Most common vascular complication of renal transplant
Renal artery stenosis
Most common location in adult urinary obstruction
UVJ (stone stuck)
Most common location for obstructive stone
UVJ
Cystitis
Bladder wall thickening >4mm
Addison disease
Primary adrenocortical insufficiency aka chronic primary hypoadrenalism
Bronzing of skin, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia
Most common benign solid mass of afrenal
Adenoma
Most common extracranial malignancy in pediatrics
Neuroblastoma
Most common AAA
Fusiform ( infrarenal ) cause : atherosclerosis
Most common cause of acute abdominal pain resulting in surgery
Acute appendicitis (rebound pain at McBurney point, fever, nausea/vomiting, leukocytosis)
Most common intestinal obstruction in pediatrics <2yo
Intussusception (abdominal pain, red currant jelly stool, vomiting with bile (bilious), )
Non-comp target sign w rings (cinnamon bun sign)
Most common inflammatory disease of small bowel
Crohns disease
Pleural effusion
Superior to the diaphragm ( around lungs )
Results in Thoracentesis
Most common location for a retroperitoneal hematoma
Psoas muscle
Gastroduodenal artery is a branch of the
common hepatic artery
Most common pancreatic variant
Divisum
Most common cause of Acute pancreatitis
Choledocholithiasis (gallstone)
Most common vascular complication of actue pancreatitis
Splenic vein thrombosis , splenic artery pseudoaneurysm
Most common found in cases of Chronic Pancreatitis
Alcohol abuse
Most common primary pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Most common location for pancreatic adencarcinoma
Head of pancreas
Most common location of Pancreatic Cystadenomas & Cystadenocarcinoma
Body & Tail
Most common Islet Cell Tumor (endocrine tumors)
Insulinoma (symptoms hypoglycemia)
Most common pancreatic transplant
Exocrine enteric drainage
Most dependent part of the GB:
Fundus
Most common location of gallstones
Fundus
Most common variant in the gb
Phrygian cap
Common site for gallstones to become lodged
Neck and fundus
Most common cause of biliary obstruction, obstructive jaundice, & most likely in CBD near ampulla
Choledocholithiasis
Which ducts dilate first w/ choledocholithiasis
Extrahepatics
Most common benign liver tumor
Cavernous hemangioma (hyperechoic)
Second most common liver tumor
FNH (focal nodular hyperplasia)
Most common primary form of liver cancer
Hepatocellular Carcinoma / Hepatoma
Most common form of mets liver disease
Lung carcinoma
Most common form of biliary tract cancer
Gallbladder carcinoma
Most common splenic abnormality
Splenomegaly
Most common cause of splenomegaly
Portal hypertension
Most common malignancy of the spleen
Lymphoma
Most common cause of medullary nephrocalcinosis
Sponge kidney
Most commonly associated with hyperthyroidism
Graves disease
Most common form of thyroid cancer
Papillary carcinoma
Most common testicular malignancy
Seminoma
Most common location of prostatic cancer
Peripheral zone
Common location of the oncocytoma
Kidney
