Most Common Disturbances (ENZYMOLOGY) Flashcards
disease resulting from a deficiency of dietary protein relative to caloric intake
(protein-energy malnutrition).
Kwashiorkor
results from slow starvation caused by deficiency not only of protein but also of
calories and other nutrients.
Marasmus
blood condition involving an abnormal reduction in the number of RBCs or in their
hemoglobin content.
Anemia
caused by faulty metabolism of uric acid produced in the body by breakdown of
proteins.
Gout
Factors: diet rich in malt liquors, wines, and certain types of protein and about 95% are
men.
Gout
The disorder occurs most commonly in young children in developing countries when mothers’ breast milk no longer provides enough protein, and other protein-rich foods are no
given in sufficient quantity.
Kwashiorkor
this is due to the absence of the enzyme phenylalanine hydrolase
which converts phenylalanine to tyrosine. Phenylalanine is instead converted to phenylpyruvic
acid which impairs normal development of the child’s brain leading to mental retardation.
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
this is due to the absence of tyrosinase, which is necessary for the formation of melanin.
Albinism
this is due to the absence of the homogentisic acid oxygenase (homogentisic
acid → acetate and fumarate).
▪ A disturbance of metabolism in which the skin of the face, the whites of the eyes, andother tissues such as muscle and cartilage become discolored brown. (The urine is also
a dark, brownish color.)
Alkaptonuria
Due to the absence of hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid oxygenase which converts hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid to hoogenistic acid
Tyrosinosis
Which converts hydroxyphelpyruvic acid to homogenstic acid
Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid oxygenase
Phenylalanine hydrolase converts phenylalanine to
Tyrosine
Hydrolysis of homogentisic acid
Homegentisic acid —> acetate + fumarate
