Mortality

Question 1

Crude death rate

Answer 1

CDR = (D/P) *1000, where:

D = # of deaths in year
P = mid-year population

Question 2

Age-specific death rate

Answer 2

ASDR = (Dx / Px) *1000, where:

Dx = deaths in calendar year at age x
Px = mid-year population at age x

Question 3

Infant mortality rate

Answer 3

IMR = (D0 / B) *1000, where:

D0 = # deaths under 1 year of age
B = total live births in calendar year

Question 4

Neonatal mortality rate

Answer 4

NMR = (D0-28 / B) *1000, where:

D0-28 = # deaths in first 28 days after birth
B = total live births in calendar year

Question 5

Post-neonatal mortality rate

Answer 5

PNMR = (D29-365 / B) *1000, where:

D29-365 = # deaths between 29 days and one year after birth
B = total live births in a calendar year

Question 6

Perinatal mortality rate

Answer 6

PMR = ((Df + D0-28) / (B + Df)) *1000, where:

Df = # late fetal deaths
D0-28 = # deaths in first 28 days after birth
B = total live births in calendar year

Question 7

Still birth (late fetal death) rate

Answer 7

SR = (Df / (B + Df)) *1000, where:

Df = # late fetal deaths
B = total live births in calendar year

Question 8

Endogenous or exogenous death rate

Answer 8

EDR = (Den / P) *1000, where:

Den = # deaths due to endogenous causes
P = mid-year population

ExDR = (Dex / P)*1000, where:

Dex = # deaths due to exogenous causes
P = mid-year population

Question 9

Sex ratio of age-specific death rates

Answer 9

(Male death rate at age x / Female death rate at age x) *100

Question 10

Maternal mortality rate

Answer 10

MMR = (D / B) *k, where:

D = maternal deaths
B = live births
k = 10,000 or 100,000 (constant)

Question 11

Cause-specific death rate

Answer 11

(# deaths in calendar year from particular cause / total mid-year pop.) *100,000

Question 12

Incidence rate

Answer 12

(new cases / mid-year population) *k, where:

k = 10,000 or 100,000

Question 13

Prevalence rate

Answer 13

(total cases / mid-year population) *k, where:

k = 10,000 or 100,000

Question 14

Standardized death rate (direct method)

Answer 14

SDR = ((sum Ma*Pa) / P) *1000, where:

P = total standard population
Pa = standard population at each age
Ma = age-specific rate for second population

Question 15

Standardized death rate (indirect method)

Answer 15

SDR = SMR * CDR, where:

SMR = standardized mortality ratio
CDR = crude death rate of the standard population

SMR = d / (sum Ma*Pa), where:

d = total observed deaths in 2nd population
Ma = ASDRs of standard population
Pa = 2nd population at each age