Morphology Vocabulary

Question 1

Affix

Answer 1

a morpheme that is attached to a word stem

Question 2

Affixation

Answer 2

morphological process whereby a bound morpheme, an affix, is attached to a morphological base.

Question 3

Agglutinating Language

Answer 3

a linguistic process pertaining to derivational morphology in which complex words are formed by stringing together morphemes without changing them in spelling or phonetics

Question 4

Allomorph

Answer 4

any of the versions of a morpheme, such as the plural endings s (as in bats), z (as bugs), ans iz (as in buses) for plural morphemes

Question 5

Alternation

Answer 5

occurs when a speaker alternates between two or more languages, or language variations, in the context of a single conversation

Question 6

Ambiguity

Answer 6

quality of language that makes speech or written text open to multiple interpretations.

Question 7

Analytic Language

Answer 7

a language that primarily conveys relationships between words in sentences by way of helper words (particles, prepositions etc) and word order, as to utilizing infections( changing the word to convey relationships between word to convey its role in a sentence

Question 8

Bound Morpheme

Answer 8

a word element that cannot stand alone as a word, including both prefixes and suffixes

Question 9

Bound Root

Answer 9

a word which cannot occur as a separate word apart from any other morpheme

Question 10

Closed Lexical Category

Answer 10

Noun, verb, adjective, adverb, and Prepositions. They carry meaning and often words with similar (synonym) or opposite meaning (antonym)can be found.

Question 11

Compounding

Answer 11

a compound is lexeme (less precisely, a word or sign) that consists of more than one system; compounding occurs when two or more words or signs are joined to make one longer word

Question 12

Conjunction

Answer 12

elements that link two or more words, phrases, clauses , or sentences within a larger unit, in such way that specific semantic relation is established between them

Question 13

Content Morpheme

Answer 13

root that forms the semantic core of a major type of a class word. Content morphemes have lexical denotation that are not dependent on context or on other morphemes

Question 14

Derivation

Answer 14

the process of creating new words

Question 15

Determiner

Answer 15

it is a word or affix that belongs to a class of a noun modifiers that expresses the reference, including quantity, of a noun

Question 16

Form

Answer 16

a meaningful unit of speech( such as a morpheme , word, or a sentence )

Question 17

Free Morpheme

Answer 17

a morpheme (or word element) that can stand alone as a word.

Question 18

Function Morpheme

Answer 18

it is a morpheme which simply modifies the meaning of a word, rather than supplying the root meaning

Question 19

Function Word

Answer 19

a word whose purpose is more to signal grammatical relationship than the lexical meaning of a sentence

Question 20

Fusional Language

Answer 20

a language in which one form of a morpheme can simultaneously encode several meaning–may also have a large number of morphemes in each word

Question 21

Hierarchical Structure

Answer 21

organized by embedding inside one another to form larger constituents.
Ex: For example, John eats the mangoes, eat is the verb which compliments to label the larger phrase the mangoes

Question 22

Homophony

Answer 22

when a set of words are pronounced identically, but different meanings

Question 23

Incorporation

Answer 23

a phenomenon by which a grammatical category, such as a verb, forms a compound with its direct object or adverbial modifier, while retaining its original syntactic function

Question 24

Infix

Answer 24

a word element that can be inserted within the base form of a word–rather than its beginning or end–to create new word or intensify the meaning

Question 25

Inflection

Answer 25

the process of word formation in which items are added to the base form of a word to express grammatical meanings
Latin- inflectere meaning “to bend”

Question 26

Input

Answer 26

the input is the information received in the TL ( that is the second language you want to learn). The receiving information can be either written or spoken.

Question 27

Lexical Category

Answer 27

Noun, verb, adjective, adverb, and prepositions . They carry meaning , and often synonym and antonyms are found

Question 28

Lexicon

Answer 28

the complete set of meaningful units of language

Question 29

Morpheme

Answer 29

the smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of language. word parts that have independent meaning but may or may not be able to stand alone

Question 30

Morphology

Answer 30

the study structure of the words and word formation

Question 31

Open Lexical Category

Answer 31

Nouns, verbs, adjectives

Question 32

Output

Answer 32

Any spoken or written piece of information you produce using the second language

Question 33

Partial Reduplication

Answer 33

occurs only in the bases(root words) which begin with a consonant . It involves placing before the base of a syllable consisting of the first consonant of the base followed by ‘e’

Question 34

Polysynthetic Language

Answer 34

highly synthetic languages in which words are composed of many morphemes

Question 35

Prefix

Answer 35

an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Adding to the beginning of one word changes it to another

Question 36

Preposition

Answer 36

are notionally defined as words that “link to other words, phrases, and clauses” and that “express spatial or temporal relations”

Question 37

Productive

Answer 37

the degree to which native speakers use a particular grammatical process, especially in word formation

Question 38

Pronoun

Answer 38

a word that replaces a noun in a sentence
Ex: Jeremy ran so fast, you’d think his life was on the line
Common Pronouns: I, me, mine, she, e , it , we, and us

Question 39

Reduplication

Answer 39

morphological process in which the root or stem of a word or even the whole word is repeated exactly o with a silent change

Question 40

Root

Answer 40

A word that does not have a prefix in front of the word or a suffix at the end of the word. It is the the primary lexical unit of a word , and of a word family, which carries most significant aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents.

Question 41

Simultaneous affix

Answer 41

articulated at the same time as some other affix or affixes in a word’s stem;exists only in visual-gestural languages

Question 42

Stem

Answer 42

the root or roots of a word , together with any derivational affixes, to which inflectional affix are added… a stem consists of minimally of a root, but may be analyzable into a root, plus derivational morphemes

Question 43

Suffix

Answer 43

an affix which is placed after the stem of a word

Question 44

Suppletion

Answer 44

the replacement of one stem with another, resulting in an allomorph of a morpheme which has no phonological similarity to the other allomorphs.