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Intro to ECG > Morphology of P waves and QRS complexes > Flashcards

Morphology of P waves and QRS complexes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal P wave morphology?

A
  1. smooth contour monophasic in lead II
  2. Biphasic in V1
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2
Q

What does the PR segment represent?

A

Conduction through the entire electrical system of the heart.

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3
Q

Which leads are the best to see atrial abnormalities?

A

inferior leads (II, III and aVF) and V1

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4
Q

What is bachmanns bundle?

A

branch of the left atrium during NSR

prefered path for electrical activation of left atrium

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5
Q

What is RAE? What are the EKG findings?

A

Right Atrial Enlargement

taller than normal P wave

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6
Q

What is LAE? What are the EKG findings?

A

Left atrial Enlargement

P wave duration is longer than normal

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7
Q

Describe the P wave in V1.

A

typically biphasic

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8
Q

Describe this P wave. What does it represent?

A

Normal P wave

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9
Q

Describe this P wave. What does it represent?

A

Onset of P wave is tall, following the conduction of the SA node. Right atrium is the first to receive electricity.

RAE enlargement

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10
Q

Describe this P wave. What does it represent?

A

P wave is wide, meaning it is taking more time to reach the left atrium to contract.

LAE

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11
Q

Describe this P wave. What does it represent?

A

P wave is tall and wide.

RAE and LAE

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12
Q

What should be monitored concerning the morphology of QRS?

A

width of the complexes

height

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13
Q

Where would narrow complexes originate? What would the P wave look like?

A

supraventricular in origin

  • normal p wave
  • abnormal p wave
  • no p wave
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14
Q

Name 2 reasons for broad QRS complexes.

A
  1. ventricular in origin
  2. aberrant conduction of supraventricular complexes

Ex/ bundle branch block, hyperkalaemia, Na-channel block

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15
Q

What is an ectopic beat?

A

Random impulse that makes the heart contract

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16
Q

What are ectopic beat’s that originate from the ventricles called?

A
  1. VEB (Ventricular Ectopic Beat)
  2. PVC (Premature Ventricular Contraction)
  3. VPB (Ventricular Premature Beat)
17
Q

Describe ventricular tachycardia.

A

broad QRS complexes with no visible P waves

18
Q

What is the give away for Hyperkalaemia?

A

peaked T waves

peaked T waves are also seen in patients who have a brain bleed

Intro to ECG (8 decks)

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