Morphology of Humans

Question 1

Anterior

Answer 1

toward the front (also ventral in biped)

Question 2

Posterior

Answer 2

toward the back (also dorsal in biped)

Question 3

Medial

Answer 3

toward the midline

Question 4

Lateral

Answer 4

toward the side

Question 5

Superior

Answer 5

above another object in relative position

Question 6

Inferior

Answer 6

below another object in relative position

Question 7

Proximal

Answer 7

toward the joint w/the torso

Question 8

Distal

Answer 8

away from the joint w/the torso

Question 9

Superficial

Answer 9

on or close to the surface

Question 10

Deep

Answer 10

located in the body away from the surface

Question 11

Sagittal

Answer 11

vertical plane through the body

Question 12

Midsagittal

Answer 12

a vertical plane through the midline of the body

Question 13

Frontal (Coronal)

Answer 13

a plane that divides anterior from posterior

Question 14

Horizontal (Transverse)

Answer 14

a plane that divides superior from inferior

Question 15

Epithelial Tissues

Answer 15

coverings

Question 16

Muscle Tissues

Answer 16

contractions to perform work

Question 17

Connective Tissues

Answer 17

provide support and circulation

Question 18

Nervous Tissues

Answer 18

provide electrical signals to control body functions

Question 19

Neural Control

Answer 19

fast and electrical

Question 20

Hormonal Control

Answer 20

slow and chemical

Question 21

stratum germinativum

Answer 21

germ layer

Question 22

stratum corneum

Answer 22

outermost dead layer

Question 23

keratin

Answer 23

protein in hair

Question 24

Hair (4)

Answer 24

root, shaft, sebaceous glands, arrector pili muscle

Question 25

Nails (3)

Answer 25

Nair root, lanula, nail body

Question 26

Papillary layer (4)

Answer 26

Part of dermis. Just beneath germinativum, Fingerprints, connection between the epidermis and dermis isn’t as strong in newborns and elderly.

Question 27

Reticular layer (3)

Answer 27

Part of the dermis, woven collagen. Doesn’t stretch.

Question 28

Autoregulation (2)

Answer 28

localized control, chemical

Question 29

Meninges (3)

Answer 29

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 30

dura mater (2)

Answer 30

tough outer layer

Question 31

arachnoid mater (3)

Answer 31

looks like spider web, filled with fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid is in between arachnoid and dura mater

Question 32

Pia mater (1)

Answer 32

fragile

Question 33

Cerebrum (4)

Answer 33

5 lobes, left and right hemispheres, 80% of brain mass, highly folded to increase surface area for gray matter.

Question 34

Diencephalon (3)

Answer 34

epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus

Question 35

Midbrain (2)

Answer 35

cerebral peduncles and corpora quadigemina

Question 36

Corpus callosum

Answer 36

connects left and right hemispheres

Question 37

Enlargements (spinal cord)

Answer 37

thicken regions of spinal cord where peripheral nerves connect

Question 38

Conus medullaris

Answer 38

tip of spinal cord between L1 and L2

Question 39

Cauda equina

Answer 39

“horses tail”, spinal nerves

Question 40

schwann cells (3)

Answer 40

neuroglia, PNS myelin, allow nerve damage to heal

Question 41

Oligodendrocytes (3)

Answer 41

neuroglia, CNS myelin, no healing

Question 42

Astrocytes (3)

Answer 42

neuroglia, modify environment, blood-brain barrier

Question 43

Microglia (3)

Answer 43

neuroglia, immunity, fight infection

Question 44

Reflex arc

Answer 44

a simple neural circuit

Question 45

Functions of integument (4)

Answer 45

barrier, temp regulation, injury repair, milk production